如造句

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如造句篇一
《3.如何造句》

四级写作复习专题系列之—

③ 如何造句

一.常用结构

1.简单句:包括一个主语和一个谓语,主要有以下几种结构:

⑴ 主语 + 谓语 e.g. Grandma coughs.

⑵ 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 e.g. The girl likes ice cream.

⑶ 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 间接宾语 e.g. My sister sends me a beautiful dress.

⑷ 主语 + 谓语 +宾语 +宾语补足语 e.g. Wearing gloves keeps my hands warm.

⑸ 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 e.g. The water feels cold.

2. 并列句: 由两个或两个以上的简单句构成,这些简单句通过宁并列连词或表并列连词的关系副词连接,有时也可以用分号连接,它们在整个句子中地位是平等的,没有主从之分。

( 选择关系)

( 转折关系)

▲ 常见并列连词或副词一览表

3.复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成,主句表达关键信息,从句补充修饰。

▲ 主要从句类型

4. 主动句和被动句

5. 倒装句和强调句

6. 比较句

⑴ 相似性:

as…as…

just as…, so… : e.g. Just as food is important to life, so are books to our spirit.

share / have…in common: e.g. Koreans and Chinese~ some traditions~

bear similarities / resemblances to…:

the same is true of/ with…

e.g. People in Sichuan Province like eating spicy food, ~Hunan people.

vice versa / the reverse is true:反之亦然

e.g. If you smile to others, others will smile to you and ~.

⑵ 差异性

be the opposite of…

be different from

differ from…

…it is just the other way round….(。。。相反,。。。)

e.g. He is not your friend. ~, he is your enemy.

7.陈述句,疑问句,感叹句和祈使句

e.g. Why so many parents send their children to study abroad? ( do)

And I love you so. People ask me how. ( “how I love you” rather than “how do I love you”) 多感人的电影啊! How fast he runs! What a moving movie it is!

这猪肉真贵!How expensive the pork is!What expensive pork it is!

Speak louder, please!

二.造句原则

1.统一性:

⑴ 结构统一

e.g. A man is not only judged by what he says but also by his deeds.

(→ not only by his words / but also by what he does.)

We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable girl.

(→ and very capable / a charming, intelligent, and very capable girl)

⑵ 代词统一

e.g. …Many parents send their children to study abroad. They will have better future after studying

abroad. I think we can go to the foreign countries to study but only after we are old enough and

learn well about our own country. (they → we :they their)

⑶ 主语统一

e.g. Looking out of the window, the newly constructed railway extends as far as the eye can see.

(…, she saw the newly constructed railway…)

⑷ 单复数统一

e.g. A great number of newly-graduated students change their job frequently these years. (jobs) Those who wish to come are expected to sign his name here. (his → their)

⑸ 时态统一

e.g. They said they will change jobs if other companies will offer better pay and opportunities.

( wil →would)

2.明确性:

e.g. She told my sister that she was excellent. (She →The teacher)

3. 简洁性:避免罗嗦重复的语言,适当运用省略,代词等。

e.g. In the first year there are 28% who change jobs, and in the second year there are 36% who

change their jobs, then in the third year there are 64% who change their jobs.

( and in the second 36%, then in the third year 64%; /and in the next two years, the rate increases

from 36% to 64%)

I agree with you, and he agrees with you, too. ( so does he)

4. 连贯性:适当运用连词,关系副词,短语等。祥见上表。

5.多样性

长短句变换, 主动句被动句变换, 强调句和倒装句变换,非谓语和从句变换, 松散句和掉尾句变换, 松散到紧凑变换, 。。。修辞(比喻, 排比, 格言谚语等)

三.如何优化丰富句式

1.长短句变换:

⑴ 短句 → 长句

e.g. Lies do harm to those who are being told lies. Lies also do harm to those who tell them.

(not only…but also…)

Usually, a fact is defined as truth. The truth can be tested by time.

(something that, which/that, )

⑵长句 → 短句

2. 主动语态与被动语态的转换

e.g. We should advise people to protect their own interests and not to be led by false advertisements.

(People should be advised to…)

When people’s lives are threatened by firecrackers, they do become bad things.

(When firecrackers threaten people’s lives, they do become bad things.)

3. 强调句和倒装句的变换:突出强调,给读者深刻印象。

e.g. We can have warm families, happy lives and beautiful world just because of this care.

(Just because of this care, we can…)

By doing part-time jobs, students not only can earn tuition fees, but also can put their knowledge into practice.

(…not only can students…but also they can…)

4. 非谓语和从句间的转换:非谓语动词包括不定式,动名词,过去分词和现在分词。

e.g. The law can punish those who produce or sell fake commodities.

(who produce or sell → producing or selling )

Because one of my parents is laid off, my family can’t afford my expenses at college.

(With one of my parents being laid off, …)

5. 松散到紧凑的优化 :通过使用适当的过渡性词语,句子和代词连接松散的结构。

The proverb, “Haste Makes Waste”we shouldn’much upon speed, we will suffer sooner or later.

careless. if a sportsman is hasty in an important game, he may lose a very precious opportunity to win the championship. he will lose the confidence to pick the more mistakes. haste may mean a failure or an accident in some important 四.常见句子错误

1.There be / seem / appear/ remain/ live / exist…

e.g. There are the other people think the money is the root of all evil. ( who/ thinking)

There has a problem in our society. (has  is)

2. 成对关系词共现

e.g. Because each person has his own ideas. So people’s ideal jobs are different.

Although &but/ however

3.状语独立成句。

e.g. As I am concerned. Children can study abroad when they are old enough.

When he graduate. He will find better job.

4. 中式英语

e.g. His body is healthy.

We are difficult to finish all the work tonight.

College students should touch the society early.

Why bicycles are so popular in China?

5. 标点错用 e.g. She cleaned the room, he prepared the lunch. (① 句号,②分号,③ and,④ when)

6. 省略错误

e.g. I found more reference books than Mary.

They think the education in our country is not as good as developed countries.

7.时态错用

e.g. I am happy with the choice but the others spent a lot of time arguing.

Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the tallest building in New York.

Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.

8.语态错用

e.g. His flying kite was seeing near the top of the building.

The librarian will write to you, and let you know the book you want has returned.

9.非谓语动词错用e.g.

10.词性错用

e,g, Healthy is everyone’s needs.

social ,society.

economy, economic, economical,

succeed, success, successful

11. 搭配错误 e.g. The child likes seeing TV.

12. 常见写错用错的词汇

enviroment,therefor , sociaty, in words, in another word,

in the one hand…in the other hand… alway, experience

Through it is rainy, we have to leave.

I past the exam last term.

The book takes 20 yuan. I cost three days to make the plan.

五.背诵写作范文之二— 图表作文

1. 城市居民度假方式发生变化。2。发生变化的原因3, 这些变化反映的现实情况

2.

How Do People Spend Their Holidays?

From the table, we learn clearly that the way people spend their holidays has changed a lot during the past ten years. What impresses us most is that the percentage of people going out to travel has increased from 51% in 1995 to 76% in 2000 and to 83% in 2005, while the percentage of people staying at home has dropped much. There are many reasons accounting for this change.

First, with the reform and open-door policy, more Chinese people are wealthy enough to afford the expenses of traveling. Second, with more income, Chinese people are not content with mere material life and then start to enjoy life in various ways. Finally, the longer holidays enable them to have sufficient time to travel home and abroad.

In a word, people are increasingly moving out of houses to the outside world for relaxation and enjoyment. With the help of a modern transport system, people have more opportunities to travel abroad to learn about the culture of other countries.

如造句篇二
《如何造句》

造句,是目前小学生的一个重要项目。很多家长都感觉到对这个训练项目比较苦恼,要么是孩子无话可说,要么造出的句子干干巴巴,毫无看头。今天,给大家一些家庭指导的建议,希望能够对孩子们及家长们有一定的启发意义,万丈高楼平地起,抓好作文就必须从造句开始。

第1招:词语理解是重点

句子是由词语构成的,一个句子是由若干个有特定意义的词语组成。因此,要想写出好句子,必须要理解自己所运用的词语,能够准确理解所要运用词语的含义,包括其词性和感情色彩,才能够更加明晰地表达自己的意思。

01.

造句这个技能在训练上,需要三个多,即:多听、多思、多模仿。多听,就是要让孩子多见识好词好句,孩子们通过大量的阅读,当然包括课本阅读和课外阅读,让他们能够凭借大脑的“模糊识别功能,凭着语感去理解句子的意思、词语的含义。当我们要求他们造句时,他们才不会感觉到陌生而无从下手。

我多次在自己的推文中告诉各位:语文书就是范本,虽然我们对目前使用的语文书还有很多诟病,但是目前我们学习的这本教材如果能够发挥其优势,恰当地发挥好它的价值,这对于孩子们来说,是最直接的提升他们写作能力的方法。

例如:沪教版语文书第二册书中的第22课《蜘蛛织网》中的第一节:清晨,蜘蛛从身上抽出银闪闪的丝,在农庄的篱笆上织起网来。

教学时,我就充分抓住这个句子中的三个要素:谁,在哪里,干什么。这三个要素是组成一个完整句子的必要要素,缺一不可。而目前的练习题目当中,又

有些是属于按照”谁——在哪里——干什么“这样的句式来连词成句的。所以,让孩子充分认识到这三个要素构成完整句,是必要做的功课。下面写的是我在我课堂上指导孩子认识并学会如何说好一个完整句子的过程,家长朋友们可以在家里进行拓展性实践,应该会有借鉴意义。

步骤一:熟读这个句子

清晨,蜘蛛从身上抽出银闪闪的丝,在农庄的篱笆上织起网来。

步骤二:依次提问(1)句子里有”谁“?(2)它在哪里?(3)它在干什么? 经过这三个问题,孩子们明白了:谁——蜘蛛;在哪里——农庄的篱笆上;干什么——织网。

步骤三:进一步提示,蜘蛛会织网,那如果换成”蜜蜂“呢?

有孩子答:蜜蜂可以采蜜。

我问:那蜜蜂会在哪里采蜜呢?

又有孩子答:蜜蜂会在花丛里采蜜。

我提示:除了在花丛里,还可以在哪里?

孩子立刻七嘴八舌:在花园里,在公园里,在树林里……

我肯定他们的答案,并适时表扬勤于思考的孩子们。

继续提示:蜘蛛可以抽出银闪闪的丝,”银闪闪“是个形容词,是形容什么的呢? 孩子答:银闪闪是形容”丝“的。银闪闪的丝。

我肯定:对,银闪闪这个词啊,让句子变得有亮光了,你们能不能帮助小蜜蜂也让它的句子变得有亮光或者有色彩、有味道呢?

孩子们答:蜜蜂在红艳艳的花丛里采蜜。蜜蜂在黄澄澄的花丛里采蜜…… 我肯定:你们真是善于思考的好孩子!

步骤四:将自己说的句子写下来,不会的字可以用拼音。

提示:如果不是蜜蜂,也不是蜘蛛,换成小朋友。你觉得一个星期天的下午,小朋友会在花园里干什么呢?

孩子们的思绪飞扬起来!(后面的训练都是遵循着前面的训练拓展开去的,我这里不再赘述。)

更多学习资料请关注ABC 微课堂

多理解词语,多积累词语

阅读是写作的基础,除了号召学生多读课外书,再就是好好钻研教科书了。于永正老师撰文曾写道”阅读不但能加深对学过的词语的理解,而且能够获取表达(包括口头表达、书面表达,当然也包括造句)的素材。这就是多读书的孩子造句难不倒他的原因所在。作为教师,不可忽视对学生的这种功夫的训练,作为家长,也一定要注意从小处着眼,从根本入手,引导孩子在大量阅读的过程中,注意文本的遣词造句和精彩片段的积累,低年级孩子尤其要在对好的词语的积累上下功夫。一般来说的好词语,都是在造句中充当着华彩意义的词语,就像是一首好的曲子的高潮部分一样,缺少了好词的修饰,句子再长再含义丰富那也无异于一杯白开水一般毫无味道。

找到好的词语没有那么困难,实际上,就是读书时带着思考和一支笔就可以了。读句子时,发现哪个词语不理解,就翻开字典查一查,了解了那个词语的意思,随手写一遍,可以在书上做批注。【顺便说一下,让孩子养成动笔读书的习惯是非常棒的一种提升阅读和写作能力的方法,如果读书不带笔,就相当于燕子飞过,云彩飘过,风儿吹过一样,了然无痕。如果读书带着笔,圈圈画画的过程中,很多知识点也就谙熟于心了。】

例如沪教版小学语文第二册第24课《小蝌蚪找妈妈》一课时,有一个句子“小蝌蚪连忙追上去叫”,我抓住了“连忙”这个词,一是因为这两个字都是本课生字,需要重点学习,二是因为小蝌蚪找妈妈的过程到这里已经发展到第二个层次了,也就是说小蝌蚪找到鲤鱼妈妈发现它不是自己的妈妈时,再次看到一个大

概符合自己妈妈特征的乌龟出现时,心里时着急的,所以才用了“连忙”,而这个词的理解对于孩子对课文的理解是有帮助的,也可以扩大孩子的词汇量。因此,我就这个词的教学给大家一点拓展词语积累的建议。

步骤一:找到带有“连忙”这个词语的句子,孩子们用直线划出。

步骤二:提示“连忙”是什么意思?

学生答:就是很快的意思。

我问:很快,对,是很快。小蝌蚪找了鲤鱼妈妈,发现不是自己妈妈,这次看到乌龟了,他们心急地游过去。所以速度要快。连忙就是表示速度快动作快。那你看老师也是很快很着急地走(我示范从门外快速走上讲台),那你们觉得我这里的快速走上讲台的动作还能换成什么词?

学生答:赶快,赶忙,急忙……

我肯定:太好了,咱们班的娃娃都是词汇丰富的好娃娃!

我的感悟:实际上不是孩子们不知道词语,也不是不理解词语,而是家长们没有用上恰当的方法启发孩子把积累在脑海深处的词汇调去出来使用。家长要耐心启发,并于同时拓展孩子对同义词和反义词的积累,词语在具体的语言环境当中的理解是比单独的词对词的认识理解要容易得多的,所以,建议您平时在跟孩子在进行亲子阅读时,需要多提示孩子对某个词语的理解,并指导孩子换一个词再在具体的语言环境中去运用,那么我想这样日积月累的,就会这正的把书读“厚”了。

第2招:词语大串连

教学时,我常常把一些相关的词和标点进行结合,引导学生模仿文本进行说话和写话的训练。

例如教学沪教版小学语文第二册第25课《两只小狮子》时,我抓住“刻苦”这个词,结合句子中的四个动词以及顿号,展开了一次说话写话训练。家长不妨也在家庭中指导孩子从一个词开始,把那个词相关的内容说清楚,说具体。这样就能够积小流汇江河了!

步骤一:读熟这个句子“一只小狮子整天练习滚、扑、撕、咬,非常刻苦。

步骤二:这里的小狮子因为要成为真正的狮子而努力练习,那它会什么本领? 学生答:滚、扑、撕、咬。

我问:那小朋友们有啥本领吗?

一学生答:我会游泳、画画、写书法。

我肯定:嗯,本领真多。那你能像这个句子说的那样说说你的本领吗? 学生答:我会游泳、画画、写书法。

我问:那你学习了这些本领时,一定很努力,很刻苦,就像我们这篇课文里说的小狮子是一只用心练功的狮子。也可以用”用功“这个词描述哦!

学生点头,表示明白了。

我继续追问:那能不能也把自己的努力或者刻苦说清楚呢?

学生:我会游泳、画画、写书法,真用功!

家长在家中指导孩子写话和说话(造句)时,可以用几个相关的词语引导孩子造句。例如”湖水、倒映、高山“,这三个词都在一个语境中,就可以启发孩子写”一座高山的影子倒映在湖水中“,然后家长再进一步启发,湖水是什么颜色?(碧绿)湖水是什么样子?(平静),启发孩子把这些描绘湖水的词用进句子,那么这个句子就既完整又优美了:一座高山的影子倒映在碧绿的湖水中。

我觉得现在的孩子不缺乏感受和体验的机会,缺乏的是父母总是盲目地带着孩子东游西逛的,游历的过程中,没有做一个有心人,常常在口头上帮助孩子建立自己的语言体系。也就是每到一处,就引导孩子用自己已有的知识加上自己独特的感受,去描绘所见所感。实际上如果家长做个有心人,把孩子平时游历的过程除了用相机记录下来,还应当用笔记录下来。孩子爱写,就让孩子自己写,孩

如造句篇三
《如何造句》

2.1 It句型

2.1.1 主语从句

It takes a strong man to save himself, and a great man to save another.

坚强的人只能救赎自己,伟大的人才能拯救他人。

常见句型:

(1) It is said that据说

(2) It is believed that人们认为

(3) It is reported that据报道

(4) It is estimated that 据估计

(5) It must be pointed out that必须指出

(6) It must be admitted that 必须承认

(7) It has been found that 实践证明

(8) It is suggested that 有人建议

(9) It is agreed that人们认为

(10)It is imagined that 人们认为

(11)It cannot be denied that 不可否认

(12)It will be seen from this that 由此可知

(13)It should be realized that 必须认识到

(14)It is always stressed that人们总是强调

(15)It is generally considered that 人们普遍认为

(16)It may be said without fear of exaggeration that 可以毫不夸张的

结合真题举例子

2.1.2 强调句

It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其它部分。

例:徐春阳老师于昨夜在红旗街上目睹了一起恶性交通事故。

Mr. Xu witnessed a terrible traffic accident in Red Flag Street last night.

2.2.2.1强调主语

It was Mr. Xu that (who) witnessed a terrible traffic accident in Red Flag Street last night.

2.2.2.2.强调宾语

It was a terrible traffic accident that Mr. Xu witnessed in Red Flag Street last night.

2.2.2.3. 强调地点状语

It was in Red Flag Street that Mr. Xu witnessed a terrible traffic accident last night.

2.2.2.4.强调时间状语

It was last night that Mr. Xu witnessed a terrible traffic accident in Red Flag Street .

注意:如何强调谓语?

It is/ was „ that „ 结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did。

E.g. He did write to you last week.

2003年6月 六级 Changes in the Ownership of Houses

It is just because of this care that we can have warm families, a happy life and a beautiful world.

结合真题举例子

2.2 倒装句

表示强调

2.2.1 “Only 状语+特定动词+主语+谓语„” 例如:

Only by this means can I do this work well. “只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。”

Only because he was ill did he not come to school. “只因为他有病了才没有来上学。”

Only then did I realize that I had been wrong. “只有那时,我才认识到我错了。”

Only in this way can you improve your English.

Only when the war was over in 1945, was he able to return to work. Only if you study hard can you pass the exam.只有努力学习才能通过考试。

1999年6月 Reading Selectively of Extensively

Only when one goes beyond his own field and reads widely can he really make remarkable achievements in his study.

2.2.2 No sooner... than, not until„,hardly, rarely, seldom, nowhere, scarcely等几个表示否定意义的词和其他的一些词构成短语位于句首时, 不表示否定意义常用部分倒装。

No sooner had I seen you than I fell in love with you.

Hardly had I seen you when I fell in love with you.

我一见到你就给爱上你了。

2.2.3 So+形容词/副词+that从句以及Such+名词+that从句中,如果把“so+形容词/副词+that和such+名词”放到句首,则主句用部分倒装,从句部分不用倒装。表示强调so/such„that之间的部分。

So precious is time that we can not afford to waste it.

时间如此珍贵,经不起我们浪费。

Such rapid progress did he make that he was praised by the teacher. 他进步很快,老师表扬了他。

So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.“这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。”

①Young as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他很小,但他知道得很多。” ②Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.“虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格。”

“Were / Should / Had 主语+谓语,+主句.” 例如:

Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday. “如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了。”

如造句篇四
《英语 如何造句 (修改稿)》

第三章 如何造句

句子是文章的基础,是作者表达思想的最小语言单位,是保证语言质量的重要因素。完整、正确、通顺的句子是写好段落和文章的基本要求。四、六级作文题目中经常回出现主题句或中文提示,如能按题意和段落主题句写好符合英语规范和明白通顺的句子,这种作文便是一种成功。因此,在我们讨论了大学英语四、六级作文的布局谋篇后,本章将主要探讨在英语造句应该遵循的原则及应该注意的问题。

一、 句子的概念与成分

1. 句子的概念

一个完整的句子应具备两个基本条件:一是要表示一个完整的意思;二是在语法上完整的句子应包含主语部分和谓语部分。谓语部分中如有及物动词则要带宾语,如有连系动词则应带表语。

2. 句子的成分

句子一般有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、同位语等构成。

(1) 句子的主语可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、词组或复合结构、

从句、名词化的其他词类表示。

(2) 句子的谓语可由动词表示,动词有不同的时态、语态和语气。

(3) 句子的表语可由名词、代词、数词、形容词、分词、动名词、不定式、副

词、介词短语和从句等来表示。

(4) 句子的宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、动名词、不定式、

复合结构等来表示。

(5) 句子的定语可由形容词、代词、数词、名词或名词所有格、分词(短语)、

不定式(短语)、介词短语、副词、复合形容词和从句等来表示。

(6) 句子的状语可由副词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、分词(短语)、形容词、

词组、复合结构和从句等来表示。

(7) 句子的同位语是指一个名词或代词后面的名词(或起类似作用的其他东

西)为前者作进一步的解释,说明它指的是谁,是什么等。

词性不分是英语造句中的忌讳。英语注重形态,词性和用法是相对应的,例如名词是绝对不可以充当谓语的,而充当谓语的绝对不允许由形容词单独承担。所以如果词性错了就意味着用法可能出错,这样的行文一定对文章的准确表达有所影响。造句中我们要特别注意以下几点。第一,动词要分清及物性,不及物动词不直接跟宾语(,不表达被动的语态。第二,形容词和动词分清楚,形容词不能做谓语,动词的谓语形式不能做表语。第三,动词的谓语形式(有时、体、态、气的形态表示)和动词的非谓语形式(动名词、不定式、分词)要区别开来。第四,要分清现在分词和过去分词的使用场合。第五,意义相同但词性不同的词要特别注意。第六,拼写相同但意义不同、词性不同的词也要特别注意。

例如:

原句:China has occurred the great changes in recent years.

在这句话中,occur是不及物动词,它的主语应该是事物或结果,应改写为:

Great changes has occurred in recent years in China.

原句: He very excellent in many aspects.

在这句话中,excellent是形容词,不能承担谓语,它应该与be动词搭配,构成系表结构,可以改写为:

He is very excellent in many aspects.

原句:I can sure that you will see a better film.

在本句中,sure是形容词,应该和be动词搭配,构成系表结构,可以改为:

I am sure that you will see a better film.

原句:In this chaotic society, we are more likely to become depress.

在本句中,depress是动词,不能与become等连系动词搭配构成系表结构,可以改为: In this chaotic society, we are more likely to become depressed.

原句:Human being is a kind of animal fulling of different feelings.

在本句中,full是形容词,不能构成分词形式,可以改为:

Human being is a kind of animal full of different feelings.

原句:Nowadays it is surprised that many students care their appearance and clothes but rare pay

great attention to their study.

在本句中,surprised为过去分词演变的形容词,不能修饰物,只能修饰人,可以改为:

Nowadays it is surprising that many students care their appearance and clothes but rare pay great attention to their study.

原句:If you are easily to get frustrated, you will give up.

在本句中,easily是副词,一般不能与系动词连用,应该用形容词与系动词搭配,构成系表结构:

If you are easy to get frustrated, you will give up.

原句:Since you have been keeping a good mood, your teachers would be more like you.

在本句中,like既是动词又是介词,但是含义不同,like(V.喜欢)不能与be动词搭配,more作为副词,修饰动词的位置最好放在动词后面,原句可以改为:

Since you have been keeping a good mood, your teachers would like you better.

二、 基本句型

尽管英语句子千变万化,但其基本句型离不开下面的五种。写作时考生应牢记这五种句型进行表达和变换,并在检查时也应按照这五种句型查看。

1. 主语+谓语

在此句式中,谓语是不及物动词,不能接宾语。

例:He runs quickly.

They listened carefully.

He suffered from cold and hunger.

2. 主语+谓语+宾语

在此句式中,谓语是及物动词,因此有宾语。

例: They built a house last year.

They've put up a factory in the village.

They have taken good care of the children.

3. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

在此句式中,谓语是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,

ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。

例: He brought me a pen/a pen to me.

He offered me his seat/his seat to me.

He gave me a book/a book to me.

4. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补

在此句式中,谓语是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、

副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。

例:They made the girl angry.

They found her happy that day.

I found him out.

They named the boy Charlie.

I saw him come in and go out.

They felt the car moving fast.

I heard the glass broken just now.

5. 主语+谓语+表语

在此句式中,谓语是系动词,常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,

feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。

例: He is a doctor.

He seen interested in the book.

The story sounds interesting.

The cake tastes nice.

The flowers smell sweet and nicc.

You have grown taller than before.

He has suddenly fallen ill.

He stood quite still.

三、 简单句 并列句 复合句

英语句子按其结构分类,亦可以分为三种,即单句、并列句和复合句。

1. 简单句:这种句子只有一个主谓结构,句子的每个成分都由单词或短语表示。有

的简单句由两个或更多的并列的主语和一个谓语;或者由一个主语和两个或更多的谓语。

例:Reading is a wonderful thing for the mind.

Practice makes perfect.

The benefits of the two-day weekend are numerous.

2. 并列句:这种句子包含两个或更多的主谓结构,它们之间互相没有从属关系。通

常用并列连词等连接,或由分号隔开。

例: My parents will be happy to see you again, and I‟m sure you will enjoy every

minute here.

They not only introduce the recipe of the food, but also give us some

recommendations on diet.

I am the tourist guide from China Travel Service and it‟s my great honor to stay

here with all of you for a whole day.

First, I will show you the main building of the temple, and it‟s the most interesting

spot here.

A river lies not far away from my home, and we can go swimming there.

3. 复合句:这种句子包含两个或更多的主谓结构,其中一个谓句子的主体,称为主

句;其它部分充当主句的某一成分,成为从句。

从句大致可分为三种:

(1) 名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,通常由连接

词that, whether, (if),连词代词who, whom, whose, which what 和连接副词

when, where, how, why等引导。

例: Whether we can have good luck depends on our labor and efforts instead of

some numbers.

At first, some students were afraid that they could be infected too.

From this event, we all learned that our society is full of love, warm and peace.

We should be well-informed about what is happening around us with the help of

mass media: radios, televisions, newspapers, the Internet, and so on.

Most Chinese students go to college with the idea that they can obtain sufficient

knowledge and ability in the “Ivory Tower” so long as they work hard.

What happened from then on was that I have never cheated again no matter

what I did.

(2) 形容词性从句包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句,通常由关系代词

who, whom, which, whose, that和关系副词where, when, why 引导。

例:Before I came to Beijing my parents were really worried about my new life here

because I came from south China, where the food is quite different from that in

the north.

The next sight to look around is the Ming Tombs, which is one of the

best-preserved tombs for 13 emperors in the Ming Dynasty more than one

thousand years ago.

Welcome, everyone, I am glad that you can come to Pingyao County, where there

is the oldest Confucius temple.

I have a classmate named Angel, who is a lovely and bright girl and popular with

all the classmates.

As is known to all, September 10th is a special occasion, on which we, students

can express our sincere gratitude to our respectable teachers.

At that time, I did rather poorly in Chemistry, which made me very upset.

The total expense for such an operation is RMB120, 000, which is obviously

beyond what her family can afford.

(3) 状语从句包括时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、比较、目的和结果

状语从句等,由与各种状语从句相应的连词引导。

例:When I was going back home from college at four o’clock in the afternoon last

Friday, June 13th, 2003, I witnessed a terrible car accident.

Because our classes are limited to Monday through Friday, we have to take

more lessons each day than those in the past.

Entertainment brings us new energy, so we can adjust ourselves to the next week

vigorously.

I‟m in favor of the latter opinion because we can’t count on the so-called lucky

numbers to fulfill our wishes.

If we work hard for our goal, good luck will come to us.

We have been studying in the ivory tower of schools for more than ten years and

have learned a lot of theoretical knowledge from textbooks, but we are so

inexperienced that the moment we step off campus, we find we are ignorant of

almost everything.

Therefore, I will not hesitate a moment when presented with a chance to know

society, for I have really benefited a lot from it.

Though we can never judge a person by his appearance, the first impression is

always where we start.

As long as I am sure of making sufficient preparations and distinguishing

myself during interviews, it is out of question for me to get the ideal job which I

have been dreaming of.

No matter how much you can donate, the Students‟ Union thank you in advance

on behalf of Zhang Yiyi.

练习:请根据提示写出正确的句子。

Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?

_________________________________________________________________(英语口语考试将成为大学英语考试组成部分的一个选项). Since the optional component is new to many people. It is natural that people have different opinions on it.

Some people believe it is necessary to administer a spoken test of CET. In their opinion, only when they express themselves well in spoken and written English can they say they have a good command of English. For years of learning English only produce some English readers. Many people call this as “deaf and dumb English”. Thus, it is of great significance to adopt the new approach to assess students‟ ability in spoken English. However, there are also others who believe a test of spoken English is unnecessary. They think that__________2_______________(对非英语专业学生来说,笔试就足够了). Besides, they don‟t think examiners in various places can meet the criterion of consistency and reliability of a norm test. Moreover, they think,__________________3___________________(面对众多的考试,很难举行这样耗费时间的考试).

As for me, I‟d like to thank the CET committee to create such an opportunity to test my spoken English. I have made up my mind to spend more time practicing my oral English, and if I am fully prepared, I‟ll apply for the test without hesitation.

Key:

1. A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the college English Test.

2. a written test for non-English-major students is sufficient.

3. confronted with such a large number of examinees, it is tough to have such a time-consuming test

三、 造句的原则

1. 完整

一个完整的英语句子通常必须具备两个基本条件:(1)表示一个完整的意思;(2)至少包括主语和谓语两个部分(祈使句除外)。如果将句子的某一部分(短语或从句)当作完整

如造句篇五
《第4章 用如果造句——条件语句 课件》

如造句篇六
高中英语写作中如何造句》

高中英语写作中如何造句、谋篇

普通高中《英语课程新标准》明确指出,写作教学的目的是通过对学生激活灵感,激发兴趣,整理思路,组织素材,规划结构,遣词造句等基本写作技能的培养使他们能表达事实,观点,情感,想象力,交流信息,培养规范的写作习惯等。新课程标准规定的写作要求更加突出了对谋篇布局,遣词造句,情感表达的要求。所以在教学中可以从造句,谋篇两个方面培养来提高学生的写作能力。

一、 造句

句子是表达一个完整意思的最小单位,所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动,形象,准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达,必须从写好句子开始。要使学生能造出完整的句子,系统的句型教学是关键。简单、直观的句型教学,学生易于接受,也能减轻学生学习英语的焦虑心理。此外,句型教学还起着化繁为简的作用。将句型作为一个基点,可以把语法规则、词汇搭配、课文重点都融入其中,反复操练后,使原来各成系统的语法、词汇、课文真正达到相互结合使用,让学生达到出口成句,运用自如的功效。句型的操练方法多种多样,可以用替换式操练、改写式操练、联结式操练或者汉译英等形式。以下几种手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法,也是得高分的“亮点”。

(1)改变句子的开头方式。不是一味地都是主语开头,接着是谓语、宾语,最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首,或用分词作状语等。试比较:

(原文) My brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle the other day.

(修正) The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.

(原文) The young man couldn’t help crying when he heard the bad news.

(修正) Hearing the bad news, the young man couldn’t help crying.

(2.)在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式。要灵活运用诸如强调句、主从复合句、分词短语、倒装句、省略句等。例如:

A.强调句

(原文) The dog has saved my little sister bravely.

(修正) It is the dog that has saved my little sister bravely.

B主从复合句

(原文) We had to stand there to catch the offender.

(修正) What we had to do was to stand there, trying to catch the offender.

C分词短语、由with或without引导的短语

(原文) The driver escaped and didn’t stop, he left the old man lying on the

road.

(修正) The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on

the road.

D倒装句

(原文) I went to bed at 11:30. (修正) Not until 11:30 did I go to bed.

E省略句 (原文) While you are crossing the street, you should be

careful.

(修正) While crossing the street, you should be careful.

F、通过分句和合句,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。例如:

(原文) He stopped us an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender

(修正) He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next

offender.

(原文) We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and

danced.

(修正) After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing

二、谋篇

(1) 注意连接词的使用

满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。

文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。因此练习正确使用连接词是提高写作能力的有效方法。在教学中应该注意总结表达不同关系的连接词。

表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition

表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary,

although in spite of, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, on the one hand…on the

other hand, some…others

表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that

表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else

表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, soon, lately, recently,

since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next,

early this morning/year/century, now, after, finally, at last, all of a sudden

表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, next, finally, at last 表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say,

表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as,

表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, in a word, in conclusion, in general.

(2).联句成段、篇的训练:

学生掌握了一定的句型,并能较为自如地造句时,应该引导学生作进一步训练,把句与句联成段或篇。注意连接词与句子的运用。以2001年高考作文为例,在信的开头,可加上“You want to know something about what is going on in schools in China?”这句话起承上启下的作用,使文章过渡自然;再如,用“What was worse?”引出减负前,晚上还要做作业,就寝时间11:30等要点。又如,“Now I have more free time...” 可引出减负后的情况。另外,在信的结尾,可用“How about you? I’m looking forward to hearing from you.”来自然地结束这封信。

(3).使用过渡词语:

写好了每个句子,并不一定就是一篇好文章,因为作为一篇文章,还必须行文连贯。那么,如何使文章行文连贯呢?这就要求我们在组成篇章时,要用好过渡性词语,过渡性词语就像是我们组装机械时使用的润滑剂一样,起着润滑的作用。

要提高学生书面表达能力绝不是一两堂课能解决好的问题,它需要长时间系统学习和训练,但恰到好处的指导与训练,可以起到事半功倍的效果。每个老师要根据自己学生实际情况,帮助学生运用技巧,写出“亮”点,漂亮“作”文,坚持不懈,持之以恒,一定会有所收获。

如造句篇七
《四六级写作中如何造句》

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