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端午节英文导游词篇一：意大利英文导游词
Italy-A Beautiful and Charming Land
意大利：美丽神奇之国
一、 Name（名字的由来）
The name "Italy" is extremely old. It seems to have been used first in documents of the 5th century BC. To describe a small territory at the tip of the boot-shaped peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea. Historians used to think that the name came from that of a legendary king, Italo. "意大利"这一名字极其古老。它最早被用在公元前5世纪的文件中，指延伸进地中海的靴形半岛顶端的那一小块领土。历史学家过去一直认为它取自一位传奇国王-意大洛的名字。人们还提出许多有独创性但却不大可能的理论来解释这一名字的来源。
No matter what its origins, the name of that small territory at the tip of the boot spreads, little by little, to indicate the whole peninsula. By about AD1000 the name designated a region, a dialect, and a culture. But it was not until the mid-19th century that the many separate nations on the peninsula were united into one nation, the nation to which the ancient name "Italy" was given. 不论其来源于何处，原来只指靴形半岛顶端那一小块领土的这一名字逐渐扩大到泛指整个半岛。大约到了公元1000年，它指一个地区，一种方言，以及一种文化。但是一直到19世纪中期，该半岛上的许多独立国家才联合成为一个国家，并以"意大利"这一古老的名字命名。
二、Brief introduction（简介）
Italy is a great country full of history and culture that amazes the world. Italy is located in Southern Europe, on the Italian Peninsula and it’s bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, which hosts two Italian Islands: Sardinia and Sicily. Italy is a country full of beauty, art and fashion, all these are mixed to give Italy a magic atmosphere and to captivate tourist from every corner of the world.
意大利以其悠久的历史和丰富的文化吸引着中外游人。它坐落在欧洲南部的意大利半岛，毗邻由撒丁岛和西西里岛环绕的地中海。意大利是一座充满魅力的城市，时尚确不失美感，这些使得意大利有一种吸引全世界游客的魔力。
Discovering Italy can be a pleasant and unforgettable experience, each corner of this beautiful country will take you back in time to ancient times and you will recognize its great development till nowadays. Italy offers unbeatable touristic destinations such as: Florence and its artistic productions and fashion, Rome,
the capital city known as the eternal city, Venice, the romantic city built under water, and Milan, the most fashionable city in Italy.
走进意大利是一次非常惬意并且难忘的经历，每一个角落都会把你带回到远古时代让你领略它今日的发展。这里有无与伦比的景致，例如：艺术与时尚并存的佛罗伦萨，首都罗马，水下浪漫的威尼斯，最时尚的米兰。
三、 Brief introduction of the main attractions（主要景
点简介）
Italy has countless places to visit and enjoy: firstly The Leaning Tower of
Pisa ,the Tower was built under Romanesque style and it started to lean from its construction; it’s a symbol of Italy and its attractions.
意大利有数不清的游览胜地，不得不提的便是比萨的比萨斜塔，这座具有罗马风格的建筑从建成开始倾斜，是意大利的一个标志性建筑。
四 、Rome（罗马）
Rome is the perfect combination of the modern and the classical, when one walks around the city can see many museums, because most of the most famous painters like Correggio, and Raphael are Italian so their painting jobs are at the disposal of everybody in these museums.
罗马是现代与古典的完美结合，当你只身走到城市中，你会看到很多博物馆，那是因为很多著名的画家像柯勒乔，拉斐尔都是意大利人，所以他们的作品可以任由人们欣赏。
The History of Rome is very amazing; many people assume that Romulus and Remus were the ones who founded Rome, but this is only a legend.
罗马的来历很是吸引人，很多人假设罗穆卢斯和雷穆斯是最初发现罗马的人，但这也只是一个猜测。
Rome was the capital of the Roman Empire prior to its fall, and this city has seen the boom of Romans. Currently, Rome can see the boom of fashion, because it's considerate as the fashion center of the world .
罗马是罗马帝国最先的首都，这个城市见证了罗马最繁荣的景象，当然，现在的罗马也是时尚又繁华，被称为世界时尚中心。
Looking around Rome one can find some buildings like The Rome Coliseum or the Pantheon, the former is today considered one wonder of the modern world.
To visit these places you will need to rent a car and so you can contact Rhino Car Hire Rome in order to make your experience the best.
在罗马你可以看到很多竞技场和万神殿这样的建筑，竞技场被称为现代世界的一大奇迹。参观这里你需要租一辆车，这样你才能亲自感受到这里的繁华，使你不虚此行。
五、The leaning Tower of Pisa（比萨斜塔）
The Tower of Pisa is the bell tower of the Cathedral. Its construction began in the August of 1173 and continued for about two hundred years, in full fidelity to the original project, whose architect is still uncertain.
比萨斜塔是大教堂的一座钟塔。它建于1173年8月，至今已有200年的历史，就连它的建筑师都难以相信它居然一直保持着精准的时间。
In the past it was widely believed that the inclination of the Tower was part of the project ever since its beginning, but now we know that it is not so. The Tower was designed to be "vertical", and started to incline during its construction.
在过去人们认为它开始就是倾斜的，但事实不是我们想象的那样。这个塔是垂直建立的，在建造的期间它才开始倾斜。
Today, interventions are being carried out within the sub-soil in order to significantly reduce the inclination and to make sure that Tower will have a long life.
现在政府已经采取一定的措施来防止它继续倾斜以延续它的生命。
六、Food ---- Pasta （意大利面） [ Raw material ] thin noodles 480g, sausage 65g, eggplant 80g, tomato 65g, pepper 30g, cowpea 3 0g, onion 65g, salad oil right amount, garlic 65g, sauces 80g
食材：细面条480克 香肠65克 茄子80克 番茄65克 胡椒粉3克 洋葱65克适量色拉油 蒜65克 调味酱80克
[ manufacture process ]
1. The noodles cooked tomatoes into pieces, good-cheuk 9:20 into 3cm long.
2． The eggplant, the persimmon pepper, cuts Large expanse of, onion cuts the filament, the garlic cuts to pieces, the sausage slivers the slanting block.
3． In the pot puts the oil heats up, the raw material which does well has poured into in the pot the 2nd step fries.
4． Mixes it with the earthen mound compares thousand islands sauces modulates.
主要步骤：1、面条与西红柿翻炒，炒至9成熟
2、茄子切块，洋葱切丝，蒜切片，香肠切成碎块
3、倒入适量油，待油温稍热，将准备好的原料倒入锅中，翻炒
4、放入胡椒面等调料，翻炒，出锅
七、小组成员分工
讲解：王江、孙嘉
ppt制作：孙嘉
翻译工作:王江
收集资料：王江、孙嘉、高永喜
端午节英文导游词篇二：英文导游词
长城
the Great Wall
人民大会堂
Great Hall of People 颐和园
the Summer Palace 香山 the Fragant
Hill
天安门广场
Tian An Men Square
人民英雄纪念碑 Monument to the
People's heros
毛主席纪念堂 the Memoral Hall to
Chairman Mao
天坛
the Temple of Heaven 北海公园
Beihai Park
亚运村
Asian Games Village 首都机场
the Capital Airport
首都体育馆 the Capital
Gymnasium 民族文化馆 the National Cultural
Palace
北京动物园
Beijing Zoo
中国人民历史博物馆 Museum of Chinese History and the Chinese Revolution
中国人民军事博物馆 Mlitary Museum of the Chinese People's
Revolution 农业展览馆 the Agriculture Exhibition
Hall
中国美术馆
the Chinese Art Gallery 乾清宫 Palace of Heavenly Purity
御花园 the Gate of Devine Might; the Imperial Garden
居庸关 Juyong Pass
八达岭长城 Great Wall at Badaling
慕田峪长城 Great Wall at Mutianyu
天坛
The Temple of Heaven 圜丘 the Circular Mound Altar
回音壁 Echo Wall
祈年殿 the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest
明十三陵
The Ming Tombs 北海公园
Beihai Park
雍和宫
Yonghegong Larmasery
白云观
The White Cloud Taoist Temple 北京孔庙
Beijing Confucius Temple 国子监
The Imperial College 潭柘寺
Tanzhe Temple
圆明园
The Ruins of Yuanmingyuan
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周口店北京猿人遗址 Peking Man Site
at Zhoukoudian
中华民族园 Chinese Ethnic Culture
Park
世界公园
Beijiang World Park 中华世纪坛
China Century Altar 清华大学
Tsinghua University 昆明湖 Kunming Lake
金水桥 the Golden Devine Might
神武门 the Gate of Devine Might
司马台 Simatai Fort
午门 the Meridian Gate
万寿山
Longevity Hill
紫金山天文台 Purple and Gold Hills Observation okky
周口店遗址 Zhoukoudian Ancient Site
少年宫 the Children's Palace
烽火台the Beacon Tower
清东陵 Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty
Tian’anmen Square
On
October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the
founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.
THE Great Wall
To the northwest and north of Beijing, a huge, serrated wall zigzags it's way to the east and west along the undulating mountains. This is the Great Wall, which is said to be visible from the moon.
Construction of the Great Wall started in the 7th century B.C. The vassal states under the Zhou Dynasty in the northern parts of the country each built their own walls for defence purposes. After the state of Qin unified China in 221 B.C., it joined the walls to hold off the invaders from the Xiongnu tribes in the north and extended them to more than 10,000 li or 5,000 kilometers. This is the origin of the name Of the "10,000-li Great Wall".
The Great Wall was renovated from time to time after the Qin Dynasty. A major renovation started with the founding of the Ming Dynasty in 1368, and took 200 years to complete. The wall we see today is almost exactly the result of this effort. With a total length of over 6,000 kilometers, it extends to the jiayu Pass in Gansu Province in the west and to the mouth of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the east. What lies north of Beijing is but a small section of it.
The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world. It is one of the few man-made objects on earth that can be seen on the moon. It dates from about 770 BC. It is more than 6000 kilometres long, 6-7 metres high and 4-5 metres wide. All the work was done by hand. Many people were forced to work on the wall. Now the Great Wall has become a place of interest. We all know the famous Chinese saying: “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” (不到长城非好汉)
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十三陵的介绍（中英对照）
十三陵在北京西北郊，距城约五十
公里，是明朝（公元1368至1644年）十三个皇帝的陵墓。
定陵是明朝第十个皇帝和他的两个皇
后的墓，定陵的地下宫殿 （underground palace） 是于1956至1957年第一个被发掘出来的地下建筑。
定陵是由五个殿 (hall) 组成，全部为石
结构，总面积1195平方米。前、中殿各高7.2米，左右配殿高7.1米。在中殿摆设有3个“宝座” (throne)。后殿高达9.5米是放置棺木的地方。 定陵的陪葬物 (grave goods) 有金银珠
宝、玉器 (jadeware) 、瓷器 (chinaware) 、漆器(lacquerware) 、丝织品 (silk goods) 共3000余件。 The Ming Tombs are located in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing ,about fifty kilometers from the city. They are the tombs of thirteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty (1368----1644 A.D).
Dingling is the tomb of the tenth emperor of the Ming Dynasty and his two empresses. Its underground palace was the first of the underground structures excavated between 1956 and 1957.
Dingling consists of five chambers, all built of stone. Its total area is 1,195 square metres. The Ante-chamber and the Central Chamber are 7.2 metres high each. Two Side Chambers are 7.1 meters high each. In the Central Chamber there are three thrones,. The Back Chamber, 9.5 metres high, is the place where the coffins are kept.
The grave goods of Dingling number over 3,000 pieces in all, including gold, silver, pearls, jewels, jadeware, chinaware,
lacquerware, silk goods. 故宫英文介绍
Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is approached through Tiananmen Gate. Immediately to the north of the Palace Museum is Prospect Hill (also called Coal Hill), while on the east and west are Wangfujing and Zhongnanhai neighborhoods.
The Palace Museum, historically and artistically one of the most
comprehensive Chinese museums, was established on the foundation of the palace that was the ritual center of two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, and their collections of treasures. Designated by the State Council as one of China's foremost protected monuments in 1961, the Palace Museum was also made a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987. 北京
Beijing is an ancient city with a long history. Back in 3000 years ago in Zhou dynasty, Beijing, which was called Ji at the moment, had been named capital of Yan. Thereafter, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty all made Beijing their capital. Therefore, Beijing was famous for "Capital of a thousand years". The long history leaves Beijing precious cultural treasure. Winding for several
kilometers in Beijing area, the Great Wall is the only man-made structure that could been seen in the space. The Summer Palace is a classic composition of ancient royal gardens, and the Forbidden City is the largest royal palaces in the world. Tiantan is where the emperor used to fete their ancestors, and also the soul of
Chinese ancient constructions. The four sites above has been confirmed world cultural heritage by UNESCO. However, the best representatives for Beijing are the vanishing Hutongs and square courtyards. Through
hundreds of years, they have become symbol of Beijing's life. Tian'anmen square being still
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brilliant today with cloverleaf junctions and skyscrapers everywhere, the old-timey scene and modern culture are combined to present a brand new visage of Beijing.
As Beijing has been confirmed home city of Olympics 2008, the spirit of "green Olympics, scientific Olympics and humanized Olympic" will surely bring more and more changes to Beijing, promote the development of sports and Olympics in China as well as in the world, and strengthen the friendly communications between Chinese and foreign people.
The Temple of Heaven was initially built in Yongle year 18 of the Ming Dynasty (in 1420). Situated in the southern part of the city, it covers the total area of 273 hectares. With the additions and rebuild during the Ming, Qing and other Dynasties, this grand set of structures look magnificent and glorious, the dignified environment appears solemn and respectful, it is the place for both Ming and Qing Dynasty's Emperors to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. The northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square, implies "sky is round and earth is square" to better symbolize heaven and earth. The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, dividing the whole Temple into inner and outer areas, with the main structures enclosed in the inner area. The most important constructions are the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, the Circular Mound Altar, Imperial Heaven, The Imperial Vault of Heaven, Heaven Kitchen, Long Corridor and so on, as well as the Echo Wall, the Triple-Sound Stone, the Seven-Star Stone and others of historic interest and scenic beauty. The Temple of Heaven is a comprehensive expression of the unique construction
techniques from Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is China's most treasured ancient architecture, it is also the world's largest architectural complex for worship heaven. In 1998, it was included in the "list of the world heritages" by the United
Nation's Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Do you know? There are four wonderful sounds in the Temple of Heaven! It's worth your time to study the four wonderful sounds.
1. The echo from the Echo Wall - There is a circular wall around The Imperial Vault of Heaven, this is the famous Echo Wall. One person's mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side if you draw your ear close to the wall, it is so clear that it is like talking on the phone. Do you want to know why? This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks, so the sound wave can transmit to the other side via the extremely smooth inner circle.
2. The sound of the Dialogue Stone - If you speak while standing on the 18th stone in front of The Imperial Vault of Heaven, the sound can clearly pass to the northeast corner of the north side hall and the northwest of the west side hall that are both 36 meters away. The sound can be heard just as well on the stone when speaking from the corners of these two side halls, this is what we call the "Sound of the Dialogue Stone".
3. Repeating sounds of the Triple-Sound Stone - In front of the steps leading away from the hall is the Triple-Sound Stone. If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times. Hence it inherited the name. This is because the distances that the sound wave reflected from the round wall to the stone are different, the number of echo is also different. Take a guess which flagstone is at the center of the Echo Wall's? The third one. The echo actually gets repeated more than 3 times, it's just the sound is
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too weak to be heard after the 4th echo.
4. The hollow of the Heaven's Center Stone - There is a stone plate in the center of the Circular Mound Altar called the Heaven's Center Stone. Shouting aloud standing above, you will hear the reverberation of the echo. This is due to the refraction of the sound.
Beijing Municipality
As the capital of the People's Republic of China, Beijing is the nation's political,
economic, cultural and educational center as well as being the most important center in China for international trade and
communications. It has been the heart and soul of politics and society throughout its long history. By the time of the Warring States
Period (476 BC - 221 BC), it was serving as the capital of the Yan Kingdom. Because of its role in the life and growth of China, there is an unequalled wealth available for travelers to discover as you explore Beijing's ancient past and enjoy its exciting 21st Century world. In 2008 when Beijing hosts the Olympic Games, Beijing will show the world something so special that everyone will be awestruck by Beijing's latest accomplishments combined with its ancient history.
What to see
The magnificent Forbidden City is the world's largest and best-preserved imperial palace complex. Surrounded by a moat that is six meters deep and a ten-meter high wall are 9,999 rooms - just one room short of the number that ancient Chinese believed
represented divine perfection. Once having entered the Forbidden City, visitors are
transported to a spacious world of great luxury that had a culture of its own. For five centuries, this palace functioned as the administrative center of the country as well as being the
pleasur"Tian'anmen Tower"e home of the emperors and empresses who were served by thousands of people. Walking along the corridors and through various rooms it
becomes easy to understand the impact of the rulers who lived here and their isolation from the rest of Chinese life. Regardless of how much history you have read, or movies
featuring the Forbidden City you have seen, the place itself is not to be missed by any Beijing visitor. (Self-guided audio tour tapes are
available in several languages at the entrance.)
For a peaceful and interesting stroll, visit one of Beijing's many beautiful parks, such as Beihai Park, which was probably built by the Great Khan centuries earlier than the
Forbidden City. This park was enjoyed by the various rulers of China for hundreds of years and features pavilions, architecturally interesting walkways, the 27-meter-long (about 88 feet) Nine Dragon Screen (built to scare off evil spirits), a jar that is the last
remnant of the Khan's court that had been there, the Five Dragon Pavilion dating from the mid 1600's, and a large lake with an island in the middle. Another park that is a definite "must see" is the Summer Palace, a famous classic imperial garden with breathtaking beauty. Bold and generously designed, the northern gardens skillfully blend into the exquisite delicacy of the southern gardens. The Summer Palace holds a special place in the history of Chinese gardens. These are only two of the many majestic gardens in Beijing. Sometimes, you can find exceptional gardens within or
surrounding Beijing's many ancient temples.
Beijing has many beautiful temples that at one time served as the focus for religious life. Temple of Heaven is the largest group of structures in the country dedicated to rituals that pay homage to heaven. This temple was built specifically for the worship of heaven and
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prayers for good harvests during the time of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are two amazing acoustical spots here. On the top of the tri-leveled round altar (originally built in the 1500's) there is a spot where your words reverberate around you. You can easily
imagine the power that temporal rulers felt as their prayers for abundance echoed as if they issued down from the heavens. The other is at the Echo Wall that partially encloses a circular courtyard that is 65 meters (213 feet) in
diameter. Words whispered at one end travel along the wall and can be heard clearly by someone listening at the other end. The entire temple complex is a treasure of ancient
Chinese architectural design and art. Symbolic shape combinations (the temples are round on square bases signifying heaven and earth) and various mystical numbers are the basis for much of the design work. The temple structures themselves are stunning works of art. All of this and more is set in the midst of a beautiful park.
There are many other fascinating temples in Beijing, among which are: the Yunju Temple, which houses the most stone inscriptions of Buddhist scriptures in the world, the White Cloud Taoist Temple, which is one of the oldest and still the most active of Taoist temples in Beijing, and the Temple of Confucius. Visiting these temples can help elucidate three primary philosophies that formed the basis for early Chinese life and culture. For example, much of traditional Chinese medicine's principles and theories were derived from the work of Taoist doctors and masters.
The largest city central square in the world, the solemn and respectful Tiananmen Square is not only the symbol of Beijing but also the symbol of China. This immense courtyard is the site of many historic events. The square is surrounded
端午节英文导游词篇三：英文导游词
Friends, hello! Now we already arrived the Huangshan Mountain scenic spot southern region strategic place
soup mouth. First introduces the Huangshan Mountain scenery in here to you the survey.
Huangshan Mountain, is located south the Chinese Anhui Province, is the Chinese Nanling sierra the part,
entire mountain area approximately 1,200 square kilometers. The Huangshan Mountain mountain system
center-section, is Huangshan Mountain’s essence are partial, also Huangshan Mountain scenic spot which must tour on us, area approximately 154
square kilometers. It within the boundaries of Huangshan Mountain city, south neighbour She county, Huizhou
area, Xiuning County and Yi Xian, north continually yellow mountainous area; These five counties, the area
also all belong to the Huangshan Mountain city jurisdiction.
Huangshan Mountain in Chinese Tang Dynasty before is called the mountain, is the black appearance, because
on the mountain the rock blue black is blue black, the ancient gives it such name. The fable we Chinese race’s ancestor shaft Yellow Emperor in completes the area south of Yellow River to unify after industry, founds the
Chinese civilization, arrives here to pick the medicine to build up Dan, takes a bath in the hot spring, thus
obtains enlightenment the immortal. Tang Dynasty renowned Emperor Ming Huangli the prosperous base
extremely will believe this view, (747 years) has gotten down together the imperial edict in six years, the
mountain will change name Huangshan Mountain. The meaning is, this mountain is Yellow Emperor mountain.
From then on, Huangshan Mountain this name one until now.
The friends, you are not far thousand, even Wan Lidao here, must look at Huangshan Mountain with own
eyes the America? Not is must feel a time of life to be joyful? Yes, Huangshan Mountain is certainly beautiful
certainly beautiful, may say the day wonderful mountain, can ascend a height to get a broad view it, has a
look it with own eyes, truly is a life big happy event. Before the very long long time, in the long geologic
history generation, the nature infinite strength, has molded the Huangshan Mountain that certainly beautiful
elegant demeanour and all sorts of unusual landscapes very much, makes one fall, is elated.
Huangshan Mountains America, first on beautifully in its high peak. Here competes Xiu,
Feng Feng expresses
admiration, respectively has the characteristic, each charm. The Huangshan Mountain high peak has how
many, but also does not have an accurate numeral. In the history successively names has 36 big peaks, 36
small peaks, recent years also had 10 famous peaks to be selected "the Huangshan Mountain Will". This more
80 mountain peaks high overwhelming majority above the elevation kilometer, lotus flower peak is all highest
(1,864 meters), the light goes against is next (1,841 meters), the day all peak rank (1829.5 meters), these
three big peaks and the graceful bearing outstanding beginning letter peak (1,683 meters), are Huangshan
Mountain’s friends, even if mounts in these four high peaks, also calculated.
Under, I "four certainly" separately make again Huangshan Mountain an introduction.
Said Huangshan Mountain "four certainly", arranges at first working as is the wonderful pine. Yellow pinus
montana wonderfully in what place? First is wonderfully in it vitality, you saw have had no alternative but to
express admiration. Generally said that, every has the earth the side to be able to leave the vegetation and
the crops, but the yellow pine is long comes out from the hard yellow hillock rock. Huangshan Mountain
everywhere all is growing the pine tree, their long peak, the long sheer precipice, is long in the glen, green
and luxuriant, full of vitality. Since 1100, they were split open like this from the rock, the root deep deeply
gripped in the rock seam, did not fear barren was arid, did not fear the wind and thunder sleet, natural,
unyielding. You can say is not wonderful? Next is, yellow pinus montana also wonderfully in it that unique
natural modelling. From generally speaking, yellow pinus montana’s needle short and heavy dense,
Ye Senong green, the trunk and branches tune lives, crown flat, appears one kind simply, steady, the
vigorous imposing manner, but each pine tree, each pine tree, in the appearance, is mad in the rhyme, also
is each every different, all some one kind of unusual America. The people according to them the different
shape and the charm, separately gave them to get up has been appropriate from however the elegant
interesting name, like received a guest the pine, the black tiger pine, the pine, Long Zhuasong,
Korean pine, unity pine and so on. They are the Huangshan Mountain wonderful pine’s representative.
The strange stone, is constitutes the Huangshan Mountain beautiful scenery one "certainly". Everywhere all
may see in Huangshan Mountain wonderful shape strange rock, these strange stone appearances infinitely
varied, some picture people, some picture thing, some have the reflection certain myth fables and the
historical story, lifelike, vivid were all interesting. In 121 famous stones, well-knownness higher some having
"fly the stone", "immortal play chess", "the magpie ascend the plum", "the monkey view sea", "immortal
expose to the sun the boots", "the Penglai three islands", "the golden rooster are called the fontanel" and so
on. These strange stones have are the colossi, some marvelous exquisite; Some independences become the
scenery, some are several combinations or with the wonderful pine ingenious knot synthesis scenery. Also a
strange stone because watched the position and the angle has changed, the appearance also had the change, has become stone two scenery, if "the golden rooster was called the fontanel" also to call "five old
heavens all", "the magpie to ascend the plum" also to be called "immortal to refer to the road" is moves step
trades the scenery the reason. Also some strange factories, looked under the dissimilar condition, can
produce cannot association, thus also had the different name, if "the monkey view sea" also is called "the
monkey to look peace" then is.
Also cloud sea. Although also can see the cloud sea in the Chinese other Mingshan, but does not have to be
able compared to on the Huangshan Mountain cloud sea such magnificent sight and fluctuates infinitely.
Probably is this reason, Huangshan Mountain also has other name, calls "Yellow Sea". This certainly to be
sure claims without justification, has the history for the card. The Ming Dynasty has the renowned annals
scientist’s to name be Pan to be permanent, has lived for several dozens years in Huangshan Mountain,
wrote 60 volumes big book -- Huangshan Mountain mountain wills, the book title has called "Yellow Sea".
Huangshan Mountain’s some scenic areas, the guesthouse and the multitudinous landscape
all special "the sea" has the connection with this, some landscapes if watch in the cloud sea, can appear
clearly, flavor also foot. These also all proved that, "Yellow Sea" this name is worthy of the name. Finally, introduces the hot spring. Our Chang Jiang and the tour hot spring is Huangshan Mountain
guesthouse hot spring, ancient time calls the hot spring, gushes out from the purple pinnacle. Hot spring
scenic area names which with it, after enters the scenic area which the Huangshan Mountain south gate first
arrives. Hot spring water volume sufficient, the water temperature year to year maintains about 42, the water
quality is good, and includes to the human body beneficial mineral substance, has the certain medical value,
to the skin disease, the rheumatism and the digesting system disease, really has the certain curative effect.
But only can the bath, not be able to drink; Crosses the cloud to say it may drink uses, is unscientific.
Actually, the Huangshan Mountain hot spring continues. The slope folds under the peak north Huangshan
Mountain, but also some hot spring, calls the loose valley hut, ancient name tin spring. It with Shannan’s guesthouse hot spring contour interval 7.5 kilometers, elevation also near, the north and south are
symmetrical, coordinate with each other across a great distance. This also sufficed wonderfully. But because
it is situated remote at present not to develop the use.
Besides "four certainly", Huangshan Mountain’s waterfall, sunrise and sunset glow, also is extremely the
magnificent sight and lovely.
Huangshan Mountain, Shan Gaobei is steep, the brook rushes from the mountain canyon gushes out, flies
from the steep valley clift falls with, forms the waterfall. "In the mountain night of rain, everywhere hangs flies
the spring", is the Huangshan Mountain attentive vivid portrayal. The Huangshan Mountain waterfall are very
many, magnificent having "Kowloon waterfall", "person character waterfall" and "rope made of twisted
bamboo strips waterfall".
Huangshan Mountain four seasons distinct: Spring Qingfeng , the wild flower is brilliant; Summer the cool
piece, everywhere flies the waterfall; Autumn clear sky and fresh air, red leaves like rosy cloud; The cold
winter is , the ice sculpture jade builds. Huangshan Mountain truly is a traveling, the summer vacation, enjoys
the snow the exceedingly good destination.
端午节英文导游词篇四：英文导游词——介绍学校
Good morning, boys and girls! Welcome to Hebei University of Engineering. I am your
guide Joyce .Today, we are going to visit the building of architecture department. We hope that all of you will feel as good as today’s sunshine and enjoy yourselves here. In the following time, we will have a visit on the building of architecture department. During the tour if you have any questions or some good ideas please point them out, I’ll try my best to satisfy you. Wish you a wonderful journey! So what are we waiting for? Let’s go!
Look! The grand building behind me is the most characteristic one in this school. It belongs to the institute of urban construction. On my left lies the building No.6 and the architecture school leans against the building No.7. And now you see on my right is the south gate of this university. It’s said that the design chart comes from the students in this building. Don’t you think they are so awesome? Do you want to go inside to see it? Let’s go!
Look at the gate of the building, do you feel it’s solemn and grand? After entering the hall, the great ancient scholar Mozi’s famous speech was engraved on the marble wall. It told the later generation that the principle of constructing the ancient palace. It’s just for convenience and not for beauty and pleasure. However, people in the following time violated the principle. Now follow me let’s see some other things. This is a construction building model and here is a something like pillar. On the left of the pillar there is multimedia room, let’s come in and have a look. So do you think it’s more spacious and brighter than our classroom? Walk out of the classroom, a corridor appears in front of us, on the wall paste some design charts, later you’ll see more design charts. Besides the corridor lies a courtyard, the west and east walls were covered with lots of green Boston ivy. So do you feel a little cool in the hot summer’s day? Actually, except for
entertainment, there is another use of the courtyard. Can you guess what the function is？Yes, this room is also used to be the job hunting site to offer a platform or opportunities for our students to show themselves. Now let’s get back to the corridor. At the end of the corridor there is a closed corridor, on both sides of the walls paste some landmark design charts of Handan City, like
cultural art center and library. Next, we’ll see a window filled with many constructive materials to let our students observe and learn.
After visiting the first floor, let’s move on to the second floor and before we go upstairs, I’ll show you another thing. What’s this? I believe you have guessed that it’s a corner of the pavilion.
Now let’s go upstairs! Is it fabulous to see the first floor’ scenery on this point? On the
second floor, there is a space for us to have a rest. Let’s take some break! Ok, having taken some rest, let’s move on again. The southern part of the building has some offices and reference rooms. There are still rows of stones piled construction, as well as the introduction of the Architecture School. The environment and equipment engineering department, water supply and some other departments were set up in this college. Now let’s move to the northern part of this building, this part is the headquarter of models. Do you know the graduate of the Architecture School Dong Shuen, the chief architect and engineer of the Bird's Nest? A very excellent senior, do you agree with me?
Time flies, our visit is coming to an end and it’s very difficult for me to say goodbye to you. I highly appreciate your understanding and cooperation. I don’t expect that all of you will remember me, but I really hope that my service is of help to you. Thank you very much and best wishes to you.
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端午节英文导游词篇五：天坛英文导游词
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the temple of Heaven. (After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China. There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all ,there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you ,the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.
(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)
The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven ,the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. But why ?
The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ,and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.
The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specfic rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Youngle of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city ,this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth ,the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one. The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices. The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.
(Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)
the Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls ,each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
On the day of the ceremony ,the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.
(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)
we are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace .Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second ,18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. But why?
According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . What is more, the ancient people also
believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
Once more look at the round stone in the center. The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters ) in circumference ,while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang. Classified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and
strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice. The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace, while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood ,musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven. When the service drew to a close ,the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be
incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end ,the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice.
It is interesting to note that ,the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major
importance ,since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. The stone ,which is known as the God`s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic
atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself. (Proceed northward to pass through the Lattice StarGate)
(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse. It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles. The roofing ,beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. This is the only structure of its kind in china today .
the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. Douglas Hurd, a former British foreigh secretary ,once said , “God attends to His affairs on the Cir4cular Mound Altar but stays here. ” Now let` s go in to to see it (Go through the left side door) (In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)
this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse. It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ,and carved wooden doors and windows. It is decorated with colored paintings. Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ,the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.. The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl ” design in relief. We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(On the marble terrace of the main hall)
the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson ,or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. Atop it ,up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined. On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors. In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon ,constellation, cloud ,rain, wind and thunder.
(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)
Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i. E. the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone. A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ,solid bricks.
In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone. If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times. Hence the name. (Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)
(Nine-Dragon Cypress)
the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60,000 cypress trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the
Nine-Dragon cypress. It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)
now we are back again on the Central Axis. This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(On the Red Stairway Bridge)
entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. This broad north-south walkway, called
Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.
The passage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. The central and the widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare , which was reserved
exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it . The emperor used the path on the east ,which is known as the Imperial Walk. The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough ,there is no walkway left for ordinary people. This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.
Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all . But how so ? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. All in all ,it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.
Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. Here you are in Heaven.
(Costume-Changing Terrace)
the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or CostumeChanging Terrace. It is located to the east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab
balustrades. The day before the service ,officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. After the service, the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest) (At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)
this structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest. We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ,the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate. A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls ,the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.
the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ,to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building ,38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace. At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .
Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ,covering a space of 4,000 square meters. Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs. To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)
climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall ,a masterpiece of ancient China. Looking up you will see the caisson, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. In and out , the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
端午节英文导游词篇六：东湖英文导游词
东湖 East Lake
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to Wuhan. My name is LiBo. I am from Wuhan travel service. I will be your local guide during your stay in Wuhan. This is our driver, Mr Zhang. His bus number is WH12345. On behalf of my travel agency, we hope you have a nice journey here. If you have any special interest, plese tell your tour leader, and he will ler us know. My job is to smooth you way, care for your welfare, try my best to answer your question, and be your guide and interpreter. I will try to do my level to "warm the ceekles of your heart". We highly appreciate your understanding and cooperation.
Today we will visit the East Lake .The East Lake is located in the easten suburb of Wuhan. It was announced one of China's key scenic spots by the State Council in November of 1982. Its total area is 87 square kilometers, of which about 33 square kilometers are water surface. It's the biggest city lake in China which is six times as large as the West Lake in Hangzhou.
According to geologists and archaeologist, a long time ago, the Yangtze River overflew its banks for many times, the mud and sand brought by floods on the southern bank of the Yangtze River.As time went on, the lower part formed today's East Lake. In 1950, the central gorerment made a plan to develop the East Lake and set up the management office of East Lake.
The East Lake is composed of six tourist districts-Listening to the Waves,Moshan Hill, Luojia Hill, Falling Wild Goose, White Horse and Flute Playing Districts.
The Listening to the Waves District is located on west shore of the East Lake.The shore is planted with pine trees, metasequoia trees and bamboos.When the wind comes, the sound of pine trees and waves echo each other over a distance, so the district got its name. The district consists of a lot scenic spots and facilities. Now, I invite you to join me and into the tour.
First,we are in the place where is called the Listening to the Wave Chamber.The Listening to the Wave Chamber is surrounded by green bamboos and waves echoing each other.
Continue east, we get to another place,the Moon Enjoyment Pavilion. It is an ideal place for you to enjoy the moon.It got its name from the Chinese poem "The nearer a pavilion lies to water, the earlier someone standing on the pavilion can enjoy the moon".
The Water Cloud Pavilion is situated on the plain shore of the East Lake. When you climb up to the second floor, you will find that the flowing cloud in the sky connects with the water of the East Lake. In addition, behind the pavilion there is also water. So
this kind of scenery will make you imagine that you seem in the hometown of water and cloud.
In front of the Poem-Chanting Pavilion is the statua of Qu Yuan who was the great patriotic poet of ancient China. Now let me give you a brief introduction of Qu Yuan was born in Zigui Country of Hubei Province during the Warring States Period. Because of his talent, he was offered a high rank by the King of the Chu State. He worked loyally for Chu State and always concerned about common people's life. Because of his effort. the Chu State became more and more strong. Unfortunately, later, the King of the Chu State was deceived by traitor and sent him into exile. When he heard the news that the Chu State was defeated by the Qin State later, he left very sad and drowned himself in Miluo River in Hunan province in order to call on Chu people's patriotism.In order to commemorate Qu Yuan, Wuhan people built this pavilion. Qu Yuan made a great contribute to the culture of China. In September of 1953, the World Peace Council held a meeting to conmemorate the most famous four culture persons, among them one was QuYuan.
At last, we will go to the Lu Xun's square. On the Lu Xun's Square stands the state of Lu Xun. Lu Xun was the forerunner of China's new culture revolution as well as the great writer, thinker and nevolutionist. He was born in 1881 and died in 1936.
Well ladies and gentlemen, here we go , now along the path to return to, so we once again enjoy the beauty of the East Lake. And you can take photoes along the road.
That's all explanation for the East Lake. My friends, the time has gone very quickly and our trip is drawing to a close. It's a pity to say goodbye. Please allow me take this opportunity to thank you fou your cooperation and understanding, and if you come back in the future, I hope to see you again and be your guide again.
端午节英文导游词篇七：张家界英文导游词
Just like all the attractions in ZhangJiaJie, the scenery is beautiful. Everything is natural, untouched by civilization. The lake cruise is calming and you get to listen to local folk songs along the way. The hike to the lake can be a little difficult for
elderlies as it's an upward climb. However, you can hire local men to take you up. You will sit in this chair that has 2 poles, two man (one in front, the other in the back) will lift the chair on the poles and take you up.
excellent views
Tianzi (Son of Heaven) Mountain Nature Reserve
Located in the northern part of Wulingyuan, Tianzi Mountain rises 1,262 meters
You can take a cable car to see these charming sights.
In order to protect the natural environment, tourists can take
environmentally friendly buses in some parts of the Scenic Area. I wish you have a good trip in Zhangjiajie.
Zhangjiajie City located in the abdomen of Wuling Mountain, at the northwest of Hunan Province.
The mountain behind your head is the famous Tianmeng Mountain. I believe you have the memory about the wonderful scenery when the planes flied through the Tianmeng Cave in 1998.
This river you are seeing is Lishui Brook, originate from the
Badagongshan Mountain in Sangzhi County, the hometown of Marshal Helong. The river at last arrive in Dongting Lake after winded about hundreds kilometers. You can drifting in Lishui River and, you will enjoy her wonderful view.
Our first station is Wulinyuan Scenic Zone in Zhangjiajie. It is best known for its quartz-stand stone peak forest and ravines.
Huangshi village
Welcome to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.
This is the gate of the park. On july28, 1992, the officials of UNESCO high praised this gate when they past it because they considered the gate
is a perfect combination of cultural sights and natural scenes.
You will regret about that you never visited Zhangjiajie if you do not visit the Yellow Rock Village.
Yellow Rock Village is the most important sight in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. Zhang Liang, a high official of Han Dynasty and he is very famous in Chinese history. He had visited Zhangjiajie when he retired. Huangshidgong, Zhangliang's master, saved Zhangliang's life when he was besieged by official soldiers. Huangshi/Yellow Rock village is named after this story.
A Quiet Way In China Fir Woods. There is a single road to climb Huangshi This road was made by manpower more than ten years before.
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is the first national forest park in China.
From then on, just 100 years past, there are more than 1200 National Park in 100 countries. National Park became a very important policy to protect our environment.
This is the first sight spot of Yellow Rock Village. There is a headman of Tujia nationality in Zhangjiajie, his name is Xiang Dakun, once rose up at the Stream Winding Around Four Gates because he do not satisfied official press of Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of Ming Dynasty, sent General Yangjing, General Dengyu lead five hundred
thousands soldiers to put rise down and Xiang King sacrificed at Shengtang Gulf at last. Dianjiang Platform is a King Xiang's parade-ground place.
TREASUE-BOX FOR CLESTICAL BOOKS. Look! There is a wonderful rock on the top of the peak, do you think it like a opened box? In the local folklore, this is a book box of King Xiang he had treasured up his tactics books presented by Zhangliang. That is said who can get this book who will be the king of the world. Zhangliang present him with this book. he wish him become a good king of the ancient China. But he just read several pages, a Tortoise stolen his books. Then, nature's mystery had been revealed, king Xing destined to fail.
Here have so many scenic sight spots like TREASUE-BOX FOR CLESTICAL BOOKS in Wulingyuan scenic zone, so you can use your imagination give them some interesting name by yourself.
SEA-SUPRESSING NEEDLE.
南天门SOUTH HEAVEN GATE. South Heaven Gate is 30 meter high, 4 meter wide, like a Door General guard the heaven.
SOUTH-HEAVEN PILLAR.南天一柱 There is a 200meter high peak. There are trees on it's top, but bareness at middle part. It named after South Heaven Gate because it stand close to South Heaven Gate.
Wang Guangmei Poet. On December 30, 1983, Wang Gungmei, the former
president of China, Liu Shaoqi's wife, ascended Zhangjiajie accompanied by some high officials of Hunan Province. She is one of the celebrities who visited Zhangjiajie at the early time. She was shocked by Zhangjiajie' beauty, then she wrote a poem to commemorate Liu Shouqi. The poem said: wonder rock, the first of the world, green pine and China fir, how beauty they are!
Someone said the poem have double meanings.
HUANGSHI VILLAGE. This is Yellow Rock Village.
Yellow Rock Village, with an area of 250mu, 1200meter high (altitude). Yellow rock Village is the biggest scenic watch platform in Zhangjiajie, and here is the best place to see sun rising in Zhangjiajie too. You can also see Tianmeng mount when it is a sunny day.
摘星台PICK STAR PLATFORM. You can pick star at here. Can you imagine how high is this Platform. For the sake of your safety, to be care for when you enjoy so nice scenic spot. In the early days of the Park, Zhangjunfu, a official of Committee of sate and his pluralism is Committee of national economy, have visited Zhangjiajie. One day, at the early morning, there are several star in the sky, he climbed up this platform, face to hundreds of rock peak, he chant a poem freely: Who is the most beautiful peak? Who is the most beautiful wood? Can you tell to me? I can not tell better from them. Here is not the sky. Here is not the world. Where am I? At the end, he named this place "PICK STAR PLATFORM".
六奇阁SIX QUEER CABINET. Please guess what are the queers of the Six Wonder Pavilion?
SKY POND. This pond named Sky Pond, it has so many stories in spite of it is very small.
So long ago, Zhangling wandered famous mountains and big rivers followed Chisongzi, and it happened quite by chance he come to Tianmeng Mountain,
Qingye Mountain (now we called Zhangjiajie) and Yellow Rock Village. The Queen of the Han Dynasty very feared him, so he ordered to raid him in the whole country. The Procurator of Wuling Town sent three thousands army to surround them. Zhangliang and his tens disciples have no food to eat, so they are very hungery. One day, zhangliang find a old man come down from the heaven sky, he realized the old man is Huangshigong, so he get his knee down quickly and said: Your disciples have difficulty and I beg your help. Hungshigong just smiled, and then disappeared in clouds. At this time, Zhangliang hear somebody crying: Master, Master, we are saved! We are saved! Zhangliang waked, and he asked his disciples: "what is matter with you?" The little disciples said: we found three big fishes in the pond, we have enough food in ten days! But Zhagliang said: Do not eat! Put them down to enemy! His disciples do not understand why Zhangliang throw away their delicious food to enemy? Because they are all very hungered. But they must obey Zhangling's order. So they throw away their fishes to official soldiers and singing: Yellow Rock Village, you can't concurred it for ever!
¡¡Next day, official soldiers withdrawn because they thought Zhangliang have big fishes but they not prize them so they must have enough food. They considered there is no significance to continue to besiege them. At last, Zhangliang told his prentices the man who saved them is his master, Hungshigong.
FIVE FINGER PEAK¡¢FRONT GARDEN¡¢BLACK FIR. My dear friends! Every rock peak here is an ancient artwork, every rock peak here hidden so many mysteries of nature. Facing to the sceneries of the beautiful rock peak forest, a woman writer who come from northeast of China, once sigh with strong emotion several years ago. At first she said: When you saw the beauty of Zhangjiajie, you ought to die. But then she said again: When you saw the beauty of the Zhangjiajie, you will have a good reason to live. The first sentence tell us we must be content when we see the perfect scenes of Zhangjiajie, but the second sentence talk about the importance of life and we must be very fond of it more when you saw the beauty of Zhangjiajie. Do you agree with she?
¡¡Dinmang, the famous poet, face to The Front Garden full with emotion in the heart and he recite freely: If you never come to Zhangjiajie in your lifetime, Can you be called old man in spite of you are one hundred years old.
BLACK FIR. Now please look the opposite stiff, there is a forest with an area of 60 mu, four sides are all cliffs and 300 meter high, there are so many old pines. Tujia Nationality call them black fir. There is nobody who can go there and baked safely. In 70's, an old worker of forestry center head three men climb up the tip of the peak, they saw snake' s skin and so big tree. When they want to go in the forest find out the mystery of the peak, it is storm suddenly. That is out of their mind so they slip
down hurriedly. They do not give up their risk and prepare to explore the peak enthusiastically. But when they climb up to the middle of the peak the weather is stormy again. So there is a no-man-touched-place with it's mystery until today.
NATURE BRIDGE PIERS¡¢FLY CLOUDS CAVET. Here are six rock peaks more than 200 meter high, like remains of piers that bridge was fall down. On your left, there is a cave named Fly Clouds Cave.
Zhangjiajie's primitive vegetation preserved very well because
Wulingyuan been discovered so late. Zhangjiajie is a great treasury of biology and be called a natural museum or a natural vivarium. Botanist considered that is because Zhangjiajie locate in the center of the sub-tropic zone so it has preserved the primitive scenes of Paleozoic vegetation in the Cangjiang River Valley. Zhangjiajie is the place that area of covered with forest occupaied 85%. Zhangjiajie have 751 kinds of trees such as Chinese Dove Tree, gingkgo. These are very rare in the whole world. But the most wonderful tree is Wuling pine and it usually grow at rock peak.
GOLDEN TORTOISE IN THE FOG SEA. This stone tortoise is carved vividly and it is very rare in the scenic zone of Zhangjejie. There is no other scenery can match it. This tortoise stole the book of Xiangwang King but it can not got away from Yellow Rock Village because Zhangliang convent it into rock and it will be a gate guard of Hou Ka Gate for ever.
HOU KA GATE. That is Hou Ka Gate and it is the only way that go to Yellow Rock Village. In Mar, 1995, Jiangzeming, Secretary-general of Chinese Communist, also go through this way. When have a rest at Tianzi Seat, he plaid Chinese Violin to accompany the local singer. At the top of Yellow Rock Village, he singed BEAT TIGER ASCENDING MOUNTAIN in the CIRCUNVENT THREATEN TIGER MOUTAIN of Peking Opera enjoy the happiness with tourists. CABLEWAY STATION. We will down the mountain by the cableway. The cableway of Yellow Rock Village began build in 1995 and completed in 1997, invested by TAI WAN JI XIN LTD. AND ZHANGJIAJIE PARK MANAGET OFFICE. This is the first cableway in Zhangjiajie and filled in the blank of Zhangjiajie' sightseeing cableway.
WAITING WOMAN PEAK. That is said there is a Tujia hunter was arrested by Qingshi Emperor and be sent to build Great Wall, his wife stand at the top of the mountain waiting his husband come back everyday. At last, her husband never came back, she also become into a stone peak. The local folk song said: she is a good elder brother's wife of farmhouse, she is a good sister of mountain village, stand at the high mountain waiting her husband. When winter went and spring is coming, when north wild goose flying to south, she do not know what time her husband will back.
Couple Peak. I sincerely introduce the famous sight that is Couple Peak to you if you have interest about it. There are two peak on the opposite
端午节英文导游词篇八：大连英文导游词
半日游导游词
行车路线：
大连港—港湾桥—人民路—中山广场—延安路—大外—胜利路—观景台（停车15分钟）--胜利路—花园广场—五四路—鲜花大世界门口（停车15分钟）—附属医院后身—五四路---中山路—星海广场（停车20分钟）--滨海路---北大桥（停车10分钟）--老虎滩群虎雕像（停车，卫生间15分钟）--中南路—朝阳街—鲁迅路—友谊商城（40分钟）
Bus Route
1. Dalian Harbor
2. Harbor Bridge
3. Renmin Road
4. Zhongshan Square
5. Yan‘an Road
6. Dalian University of Foreign Languages
7. Shengli Road
8. Green Mountain Viewing Platform (parking for 15 minutes)
9. Shengli Road
10. Garden Square
11. Wusi Road
12. At the gate of The Fresh Flower World (parking for 15 minutes)
13. Back of the affiliated hospital
14. Wusi Road
15. Zhongshan Road
16. Xinghai Square (parking for 20 minutes)
17. Binhai Road
18. North Bridge
19. Tiger Sculptures on Tiger beach (parking, toilet for 15 minutes)
20. Zhongnan Road
21. Chaoyang Street
22. Luxun Road
23. Friendship Shopping Mall (40 minutes)
（码头引导客人上车，清点人数 致欢迎词）首先自我介绍：我叫XXX,我来自XXX旅行社，我们的司机师傅姓X,我们可以称呼他X师傅，大家今天在大连的游览就是由我们两位为大家服务。
(Guide the guests to get on the bus at the dock, count the number of the guests, make a self-introduction and deliver a welcoming speech)
Good morning to everyone! First of all, I‘d like to introduce myself to you: I'm ...., from China Travel Agency. Our driver today is …. We call him ...... Welcome to the beautiful coastal city of Dalian! Please let us know how we can help you.
现在我们位于大连港，大连港始建于1899年，距今已有百余年的历史。大连港
位于辽东半岛南端的大连湾内，港阔水深，冬季不冻，万吨货轮畅通无阻，大连是哈大线的终点，以东北三省为经济腹地，是东北的门户，也是东北地区最重要的综合性外贸口岸，是仅次于上海、秦皇岛的中国第三大海港。
Now we are at the Dalian Port. Dalian Port was founded in 1899; it has more than 100 years of history. At the southernmost tip of Liaodong Peninsula, Dalian Port is a non-freezing, deep-water harbor. With a wide opening, millions of tons of cargo can pass unimpeded. It connects the three provinces in the Northeast part of China. The three provinces are Helongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province. The Northeast part of China was once known as Manchuria. The three provinces form the economic backyard of the Dalian Port. Dalian Port is also the door to Northeast China, and it‘s the most important international trade seaport, which is the third largest in China, after Shanghai and Qin Huangdao.
现在展现在大家眼前的，是各位到大连后见到的第一个广场——港湾广场。 现在港湾广场正在施工修建地铁，也是大连地铁东端起点。2012年12月将建成通车。现在我们经过的是人民路，它是大连市开建最早的一条主干道，东西走向，长一公里，沙俄占领大连的时候被称为莫斯科大街，日本占领大连的时候称为山县通，解放初，为了表示中苏友好，又改称斯大林路，1994年才更名为人民路。由于紧连着大连港这个东北地区对外开放的窗口，所以路两边大都是外贸、航运、物流和金融机构以及海关、商检等单位，是我市著名的金融、商务和航运中心区。
Now in front of us is the first square of your visit --- Harbor Square. You can see that the Dalian metro is under construction now, and here, the harbor is the starting point of the Metro Line from the east. Dalian metro line will be open to the public in December 2012.
Now we are driving along Renmin road. It‘s the earliest main road from east to west in Dalian. It was called Moscow Street when tsarist Russia occupied Dalian. Later it was called Tongshan County when the Japanese invaded Dalian in 1904. After China was liberated in 1949, in order to show our Sino-Soviet friendship, it was renamed Stalin Road, and then renamed as Renmin road in 1994. Renmin means people in Chinese.
Since this area is close to the Dalian Port, there are many companies Along Remin Rd for international trade, shipping, logistics and finance. There are also office buildings for customs, commodity inspection, etc. Obviously this area is a well-known financial, business, and shipping center.
在路的两侧有好多五星酒店，刚刚经过的就是国际连锁酒店——香格里拉，紧接着是富丽华酒店，新世界大酒店，旁边的时代广场是去年新开业的国际品牌的商品购物中心，马路中间的电车大家一定很好奇，在这样一座现代化的城市居然能看到如此古老的交通工具，是的，大连至今依然保留着已经拥有一百多年历史的古老电车，而且所有的司机都是女性，也是大连一直保留下来的传统。
On both sides of the road there are a number of five-star hotels, the hotel we are just passing is Shangri-La Hotel, an international hotel chain popular in Asia. Next to it is the Furama hotel, and beside it, is Times Square, a new international brand shopping mall, which opened last year.
You may be surprised to see trams in the middle of the street. Dalian still keeps the old tram with one hundred years of history, and the tradition that every driver is
female has also been maintained. 右手边就是我们的友谊商城，下午会给大家到里面时间自由购物。
现在展现在大家眼前的是中山音乐广场，现在建地铁，没建地铁之前，这里晚上是大连人休闲好去处，晚上播放舞曲，大家问乐起舞，很惬意，也是大连最古老的广场，沙俄占领大连的时候被称为尼古拉耶夫广场，日本占领的大连的时候被称为大广场，后拉为了纪念中国国父--孙中山先生，更名为中山广场。在广场周围的建筑都具有浓郁的欧洲古典风味，其中有一幢是大连宾馆，曾经的末代皇帝溥仪就曾经住在里面。其他的建筑多半都是银行，因此这里也被称为是大连的金融中心。现在我们行驶在延安路上，我们今天第一个将要参观的就是大连的绿山观景台，现在我就给大家简单介绍一下大连（大连概况）
On the right hand side, is Friendship Shopping Mall. You can have some time shopping in this duty-free place this afternoon.
Now what we see is Zhongshan Music Square. Before the metro line was constructed, it was a nice place for Dalian people to relax, and for English speakers to meet for English Corner. In the evening people used to come here to listen to music and dance. It‘s the oldest Square in Dalian. In the time of occupation by Tsarist Russia, it was called Nikolayev Square; in the time of occupation by Japan, it was called the Grand Square; finally it was renamed as Zhongshan Square, in honor of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the father of China. Zhongshan was his given name in mandarin Chinese, whereas Yat-sen was his given name in Cantonese. Buildings around the square are of European classical style. One of them is the Dalian Hotel. The last Emperor of China, Pu Yi lived there for a time. Another example is the Concert Hall. Many international performances are held there every year. Most of the other buildings are banks such as the American Citibank (花旗银行), so this square is also known as the financial center of Dalian.
Now we are driving along Yan‘an Road. The first scenic spot we are visiting today is the Green Mountain Viewing Platform. Can I give you a brief introduction to Dalian before hand?
——大连位于中国辽东半岛最南端，东濒黄海，西临渤海，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，年平均温度10℃。大连是中国优秀旅游城市、卫生城市、园林化城市，2001年6月5日联合国授予大连为中国唯一、亚洲第二个＂世界环境500佳＂城市。又被称为＂浪漫之都＂。大连海陆空交通都方便：国际航线东北最多。大连市区内的交通也相对其他城市要便捷很多——大连的马路上大家是不是发现有2种车子比较少见？对了，是自行车跟摩托车。因为大连属于丘陵地形，所以很少有人骑自行车和摩托车，因为要经常上坡，下坡，骑起来比较费劲。
As you know, Dalian is located in Liaoning Province, the southern end of the Liaodong Peninsula. It faces Bohai Sea to the west and Yellow Sea to the east. It‘s not extremely cold in winter and not too hot in summer. The average annual temperature is 10 degrees centigrade or 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Dalian is an excellent tourist city, a clean city, and is called a garden city. In 2001, Dalian was named to the ―World Environment 500‖ list of cities. Dalian is the only city in China with this honor. Dalian is also known as a ―romantic city‖.
The sea-land-air transportation is very convenient here in Dalian: Dalian Airport provides the most international airlines in the northeast of China. The traffic
conditions in Dalian are better than many other cities in China. Different from many other cities in China, it‘s hard for you to find two kinds of vehicles. Yes, they are bicycles and motorcycles. Because Dalian is quite hilly, it not convenient for people to ride bicycles and motorcycles.
好了，前面即将到达的就是绿山观景台了，它位于大连电视塔脚下，劳动公园的顶端，站在这里可以俯瞰整个城市的全景。大家去过的北京，西安是古城，那么大连是一座现代新兴城市，现在就给大家15分钟时间下车拍照留念。
Well, we are arriving at THE Green Mountain Viewing Platform. It‘s at the foot of Dalian Television Tower, and above Labor Park. Standing here you can get a bird‘s eye view of the whole city. Maybe you have been to ancient cities such as Beijing and Xian, but Dalian is a rising modern city. Now you can have 15 minutes to take photos. （停车15分钟，下车继续讲解），大家请看公园里面的红白相间的足球，是大连的建筑艺术博物馆，因为大连曾经被称为―足球城‖，这也可以称之为城市的标志之一。后面的楼是瑞诗酒店，右手边看到的是凯宾斯基酒店以及大连市内最高档的海鲜餐厅万宝海鲜坊，左边黑白相间的高楼是韩国现代集团投资建成的希望大厦，也是市区内最美的建筑之一，我们身后的塔就是电视塔，在劳动公园里面有一个缆车站，就是直通到电视塔的，夏天可以滑草。
Please look at the huge football with red and white colors. It‘s one of the icons of Dalian, also the museum of Dalian architectural art. Dalian was once called ―soccer city‖ when its soccer team was No. 1 nationwide. The building in the back is the Swiss Hotel. On the right hand side you can see the Kempinski Hotel and the city‘s most expensive seafood restaurant ---- Wanbao seafood Restaurant. On the left hand side you can see a Black and white high-rise. That is the Hope Mansion invested by South Korea's Hyundai Group. It‘s one of the most beautiful buildings in Dalian. The tower behind us is Dalian Television Tower. There is a cable car to connect to television tower. There on the slope people can do a rail toboggan slide.
（组织客人上车清点人数）观赏了市区的众多建筑后大家一定会发现，大连好多建筑都是俄式、日式，为什么一个中国的城市会有这样多外国的建筑呢？下面我就简单给大家介绍下大连的历史：始建于1899年9月的大连，已走过了110个春秋。地处辽东半岛南端的大连，为京津门户，背依东北三省和内蒙古东部的广阔腹地，是东北地区联系世界的窗口。然而，就是这样一方地理位置极优越的土地，在近代历史上先后被沙俄、日本帝国主义侵入、霸占了47年。对殖民者的欺凌和压榨，大连人民进行了可歌可泣的反抗与斗争。
Seeing a number of buildings in Dalian, you might have found there is a lot of Russian and Japanese architecture. Why are there a lot of foreign buildings? Now I‘ll give a brief introduction to the history of Dalian: Dalian was founded in 1899 so we now have a history of more than 100 years. Since it‘s located in the southern end of Liaotung Peninsula, it‘s an important door to Beijing and Tianjin. Dalian has got the economic support from the three provinces of Northeastern China and Inner Mongolia. That is, Dalian is the doorway to the northeast of China and the world. Due to its vital location, both Tsarist Russia and Japan invaded it and occupied it for 47 years. As I mentioned earlier, the Northeast part of China was once known as Manchuria. Facing the bullying and exploitation of the invaders, Dalian people waged a heroic struggle against the invaders.
1945年8月，大连终于回到了中国的怀抱，并成为新中国建立之前最早获得新生的城市之一。1978年以来加快了大连的发展速度。港口、贸易和造船、内燃机车制造以及渔业生产在全国占有举足轻重位置的大连，成为我国首批批准对外开放的沿海城市之一和计划单列市，名列中国城市综合实力50强的第八位，成为国家园林城市、国家环保城市，率先成为国家卫生城市、优秀旅游城市，同时，又是我国―服装城‖、―足球城‖、―田径之乡‖、―水果之乡‖，是一座遐迩闻名、充满生机、花园般的海滨城市。中国著名市长薄熙来在规划这座城市的时候就说过，要将大连这座城市建在花园里，而不是把花园建在城市里，要让老百姓走出家门就走进花园。
Dalian was reunited with motherland China in August 1945 (before national liberation). Since 1987 Dalian has accelerated the pace of development. Now Dalian has earned a pivotal position in transportation, trade, shipbuilding, locomotive manufacturing, and fishery production. It‘s one of the Chinese coastal cities opened in the 1980s with Mr. Deng Xiaoping‘s introduction of the reform and open door policy. It ranks No. 8 among the top 50 Most Powerful Chinese Cities. It has enjoyed such titles as ―a garden city‖ and ‗an environment protection city‘. It‘s the first city to become the national clean city, outstanding tourist city etc. In addition, it‘s called ―fashion city‖, ―football city‖, ―athletics city‖, ―fruit city‖, etc. Our former mayor, Mr. Bo Xilai, who is now the Party Secretary of Chongqing Autonomous City once said, the city of Dalian should be built in a garden, rather than gardens built in the city. That is, people should feel walking into gardens once they go outdoors.
Since 2007, Dalian has alternately held the summer Davos World Economic Forum with Tianjin. Dalian is also the place where Warren Buffet and Bill Gates get their suits made. The brand they wear is called Dayang Trands.
现在大家眼前出现的这一大片绿色，就是大连市的行政中心——人民广场，在广场跟市政府之间大家有没有发现一个漂亮的女交警？在大连交通警察是很少见的，因为现代化技术非常发达，我们的交叉路口都有―电子眼‖，但是这条路是大连贯穿东西方向的主干道，于是广场中间常年都有一位女交警在这里执勤，每两个小时换一班。（停车15分钟，下车继续讲解）。
Now the wide green lawn we are facing is People's Square. On the north side of the square is the Dalian Municipal Government building. Can you see a tall policewoman standing in the middle of the square? They are like a scenic spot of Dalian. However, there aren‘t many policemen patrolling on the road. Many high-tech electronic eyes are installed at intersections. But since this is the main road running from east to west, all year around there is a female traffic police officer on duty, in two hour shifts.
每天早上都会有升旗仪式，傍晚都会有美妙的音乐喷泉，也是老百姓饭后散步的好去处。蓝色圆顶建筑是大连青少年活动中心。大连很重视教育。有高等学府22所，其中著名的有海事大学，理工大学，东北财经，软件大学。。。（看见大连市民，可以讲大连人的民风）大连人喜欢穿着，有句话说广东人什么都敢吃，大连人什么都敢穿，舍得在服装上投资，穿名牌，穿着也比较开放，特别是大连女孩，吃海鲜，身材好，皮肤好，更是引领时装潮流，每年大连都举办服装节。人民广场是市政广场，广场对面就是大连的人民政府，两侧分别是大连市公安局，中级人民法院，这里目前还保留中国最大草坪广场的记录，市长曾经提出：大连
端午节英文导游词篇九：南京导游词英文版
导游考试英文导游词
Good morning! My name is Zhang Yuan. Can I begin?
Attention please. Ladies and gentleman, welcome to beautiful city, Nanjing. I am the guide Zhang. Today, we are going to visit *****. On the way to ****, let me introduce our beautiful city, Nanjing.
Nanjing is the capital city of Jiangsu Province and the provincial political, economic and cultural center; she is located in the lower reaches of Yangtze River, southwest of the province. The population of its urban area is about 3 million.
Nanjing is one of the historical and cultural cities rectified by the state. She bears the reputation of the capital of Wu, Easter Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, Southern Tang, Ming, Taiping Kingdom and Republic of China subsequently. Nanjing is a place of celebrities and humanities, with a splendid cultural heritage. The attraction of Nanjing consists in the combination of rich natural and cultural heritages. With many a relics of the Republic of China era in particular, Nanjing is recognized as the museum of modern Chinese history.
DR. SUN YATSEN’S MAUSOLEUM
Among all the historical and cultural attractions in Nanjing, the most favored highlight is Dr. Sun Yaten‟s Mausoleum. Dr. Sun Yatsen‟s Mausoleum sits on the southern slope of the purple Mountain in the eastern suburb of the city. The construction began on March 12, 1926 and was completed in 1929 when the remains of Dr. Sun Yatsen was transported from Beijing and buried at the present site on June, 1.
Dr. Sun Yatsen, also named Sun Wen or Sun Zhongshan, is considered as the forerunner of the Chinese democratic revolution. Dr. Sun Yatsen is a great man because he devoted 40 yeas of his life to pursuing his dream to overthrow the feudal monarchy and build a progressive, united and democratic Republic of China.
Why was Dr. Sun Yatsen buried in Nanjing instead of in his hometown or Beijing where he died? The mausoleum site was first recommended to Dr. Sun Yatsen by the abbot of Linggu Temple for its good geomantic omen. One day in April, 1912, he went hunting at the site of present mausoleum with his friends. Dr. Sun Yatsen was really so amazed by the beautiful environment that he said to them: “I wish I could be bestowed a piece of land by people and be buried here after my death”. He once again expressed this desire in his sickbed in 1925. The architect named Lu Yanzhi. Dr. Sun Yatsen‟s Mausoleum is designed in the shape of a liberty bell, intending to remind people never to get self-contented. The park of mausoleum covers an area of 800000 square meters. The whole architecture, from the gateway to the main entrance, tablet pavilion, memorial hall and the tomb vault, lies on the north-south axis with 392 steps and 10 platforms in between. The buildings are all constructed with natural granite and marbles and covered by blue glazed-title roofs.
Opposite to the bronze incense-burner off the square, stands the 12-meter high gateway of three arches with Dr. Sun Yatsen‟s handwriting “Fraternity” carved on its front top. The 480 meters long Tomb Avenue, lined with pine, gingko and maple trees, leads to the main entrance tower roofed by blue-glazed tile. Under the front eave of the tower, Dr. Sun Yatsen‟s motto “The world belongs to people” can be seen. Walking through it, the first building one will see is the tablet pavilion which houses a huge tombstone which is engraved with “Premier Dr. Sun is buried
here by the Chinese Koumingtang on June 1, 1929”. From there, a panoramic view of the memorial hall can be obtained. However, there are still 392 steps in 4 flights to go before tourists reach the memorial hall on the top, and a platform with stone benches at every flight so as not to exhaust the climbers. The memorial hall stands 73.33 meters above the ground. The lintel of the memorial hall is inscribed with “nationalism, democratic rights and people‟s livelihood” and a vertical plaque is carved with 4 characters “Hao qi chang cun ” meaning imperishable noble spirit. All these words are written in Dr. Sun‟s own hand. In the center of the memorial hall sits the Italian white marble statue of Dr. Sun Yatsen mounted on a pedestal carved in bas-relief by a Polish sculptor about his revolutionary activities. The surrounding walls are inscribed with the national constitution written by Dr. Sun Yatsen. Beyond the memorial hall is the tomb vault. Standing by the side of the pool, as visitors look down, they bow to see Dr. Sun Yatsen‟s reclining marble statue with his body buried 5 meters underneath. If one looks up, he will find the emblem of the nationalist Party on the ceiling.
When one wraps up the homage tour and steps down, he will not only enjoy a bird‟s eye view of beautiful Nanjing, but also feel totally relived because he does not see any more of those 392 steps, but the platforms. Not until then, he will understand how great Dr. Sun Yatsen is.
The whole mausoleum is an architectural complex in a typical and traditional Chinese style, and the layout is harmonious and rational. All the buildings are roofed with blue-glazed tiles. With pine trees and cypresses growing around, the mausoleum looks magnificent and dignified. Dr. Sun‟s mausoleum attracts thousands of visitors‟ everyday.
XiaoLing Tomb of The Ming Dynasty
Xiaoling Tomb, or the tomb of filial piety, built 600 years ago, is the mausoleum of Zhu Yuan zhang , the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Lying at the southern foot of the Purple Mountain ,the tomb complex is one of the largest ancient mausoleums of the emperors in china.
Zhu Yuanzhang began to have his tomb built in 1381 when his wife Empress Ma died. The empress was buried in the tomb in 1383.But Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang died in 1398 and was buried here in the same year. But the construction of the mausoleum lasted 38 years or more till 1431 when „the Stele if Sacred Neruts and Virtues of Great Ming‟ Filial Tomb‟ was erected.
The mausoleum consists of two major sections. The first section is from the Gateway of Dismounting Horse to the Lingxing Gate at the end of Sacred Way(tomb avenue), of which the approach is 1800 meters long. The second part is the tomb itself. Historical records indicate the mausoleum had a grand red wall, 22.5 kilometers long, enclosing the whole tomb area. The tomb compel was very large with many splendid buildings. 100000 pines were planted and 1000 deer rose in the park of mausoleum. Unfortunately, this large group of buildings was ruined by the wars in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and the war in which by the Qing Dynasty army. All the wooden structures were destroyed. However we can still see the exquisite stone carvings from the stone bases and imagine how magnificent it looked like 600 years ago.
The tomb gate known as grand golden gate was a traditional architecture and connected with the red wall. The gateway of Dismounting Horse locates about 750 meters south from here. This shows the absolute dignity of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang at that time. To the east of the gateway, there are two tablets: the holy Mountain Tablet and the Tablet of Mountain Forbidden Regulations decreeing the entrance of the ordinary people into the holy area was to be severely punished. The royal court dispatched troops here to atand as guards at the mausoleum in the
years. That is why the site has been called Xiaolingwei meaning the Town of Filial guard.
Northwards from the great golden gate, a huge roofless stone tablet pavilion can be seen ,it is the Square Castle, as local people call it . Its top is gone but the surrounding walls and four archways still remain. In the middle of the building ,there stands and 8.78 meters high stele called :The Stele of Sacred Merits and Virtues of Great Ming‟s Filial Tomb. It was built in 1413 by the third emperor ,Zhu yuanzhang „s fourth son. The stele is inscribed altogether with 2746 Chinese characters in praise of the merits and virtues of Emperor Zhu yuanzhang .
The sacred way is lined on both sides with 12 pairs of giant stone animals in 6 kinds. For each kind of the animals, there are one pair standing and the other kneeling. The standing pair is working and the kneeling resting and they are on duty alternately. The real purpose of building these animals is to demonstrate the royal magnificence and the emperor‟s dignity, to drive away evil spirits and guard the tomb. The first 2 pairs of animals are lions, king of the beasts symbolizing power. The second 2 pairs of animals are called Bixie, a unicorn-shaped mythical animal, said to e clever and capable of distinguishing between good and evil. The following pairs of animals include camels, elephants, Kylins or Chinese unicorns and horses. The camel is known as boat in the desert and symbol of prosperity. Each elephant , which is the largest and heaviest sculpture, weighs 80 tons and symbolizes peace. The kylin represents good luck as well as horse loyalty.
In ancient times ,it was rather difficult to move these heavy stone animals. The fact is that workers splashed water on the ground in cold winter, and pushed the stone animals to the present locations on the surface of frozen ice. Two 6.25 meter-high stone pillars serve as alters for the sacrificial offerings. Both the hexagonal pillars are carved with the patterns of clouds and dragons arousing visitors‟ reverence and worship to the emperor . The sacred avenue makes a right turn here just because the Plum Blossom Hill stands in the way. The hill is the tomb for Sun Quan , The first emperor of Eastern Wu kingdom. It is said that when the tomb was constructed, some ministers suggested that Sun Quan‟s tomb should be moved away. But Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang commented that Sun Quan was a good fellow and should stay there to be the concierge of his tomb. The Plum Blossom hill now is popular excursion site for the local people in spring when the plum trees are in full blossom.
Beyond the memorial pillars there are 4 pairs of stone WenZhongs,2 pairs each of court officials and warriors. Legend has it that there was a giant about 10meters tall of Qin Dynasty. The warriors,3.26meters high, are in armor with weapons in hands while court officials are in court ceremonial robe with writing board in hans to take notes of the emperor‟s edict.
Behind the statue, there used to be a gate named Lingxing Gate. About 270 meters away from the gate is the stone bridge spanning over a small stream, yet it is called the Imperial Moat Bridge. The bridge used to have 5 arches , but was renovated into 3 arches later in the Qing Dynasty. The bridge foundation and stone dykes is the original except the rail.
About 200 meters north of the Imperial Moat Bridge is the front gate to the tomb. This area is the rear section of the tomb. The arch gate has 5 doorways, with yellow glazed tiles, red walls and doors . The lintel of the middle gate is engraved with 3 Chinese characters meaning „Xiaoling Tomb of Ming Dynasty‟. Or “Ming‟s Filial Tomb” given by the emperor himself but Ming was added actually later in the Qing times. It reflects the emperor‟s idea to administer the country with filial piety which is the very instruction of Confucius, the most influential Chinese philosopher. At the right of the gate, there is a table stone on which is inscribed with „The Special Notice‟ written in 6 foreign languages of Japanese, German, English, French, Italian and Russian respectively to reaffirm the attention to the protection of the filial tomb in the late Qing years.
Inside the gate is an entrance hall, of which in the middle is „the Stele of administering the country well as the Tang and Song dynasties‟. The tablet stone is engraved with the handwriting of Emperor Kangxi when he was paying his homage to the entombed emperor during his third inspection tour to the area in 1699.
Standing behind the hall is the Filial Hall or Sacrificial hall ,which is one of the major buildings in the mausoleum employed to enshrine Emperor Zhun Yuanzhang and his empress. But the original was destroyed in the wars, and the present one was rebuilt and twice restored in the Qing Dynasty.
The citadel of Treasures is the last building on the ground, 16.25meters high, 75 meters wide and 31 meters in depth. Ascending a flight of 54 stone stairs from an archway of the citadel is the tomb proper covered by a large earthen mound 400 meters in diameter. Under the mound rest the emperor and his consorts , and as the records testify, 50 or more concubines and maids of honor were buried alive for company. Their families were ensured holy titles, but these young lives became the eternal victims of feudal sacrifice system.
The tomb is at the foot of Purple Mountain. It has not been excavated because of the technical reasons of preservation.
Linggu Temple
Linggu Temple Park lies about one and half kilometers to the east of Dr.Sun Yatsen‟s Mausoleum. It was called Jiangshan Temple in ancient time and its original site was in Dulongfu at the foot of the purple Mountain. However, in the early days of the Ming Dynast(1368-1644),Emperor Zhun Yuanzhang chose that place to build his tomb, thus the temple had to be moved and rebuilt at the present site and was renamed as the Linggu Temple with an inscription “The Fist Buddhist Forest” at the entrance there is a secluded footpath with thousands of pine trees, verdant and luxuriant , so it is called the “Valley of Spirit Deep in Pines”. It is one of the 48 attractions in Nanjing . Main attractions in the park include Linggu Temple , the gateway of officers and men killed in action, Beamless hall, Pine and Wind Pavilion, Linggu Pagoda, Monk Baogong Pagoda and Table of three Great Artists, etc.
The first major attraction is the gate way of officials and men killed in action. In November 1928, when Chiang Kaishek‟s Kuomintang government made a decision to turn the Linggu temple into a cemetery of officials and men killed in battles, the original entrance to the temple was rebuilt into a three-arch gateway for the dead officials and men. The gateway has 5 principle columns made of concrete cement. The gate has its foundation inlaid with granite on surface and roofed by blue-glazed tile. The lintel of the middle door is carved with 4 Chinese characters “great Justice and Virtue” in front face and “Salvation of the Nation and People” on the back. The side lintels of the gate are decorated with the emblems of the KMT party.
Inside the park there is the Beamless Hall built in 1381 in the Ming dynast. The hall,53.8 meters long, 37.85 meters wide and 22meters high, was built entirely of bricks and stones from top to bottom without a piece of wood, hence the name. There are nine overlapping ridges and three pagodas decorating the top reges. In terms of size, the Beamless Hall stands first and foremost of its kind in china. It was built more than 200 years earlier than the other same kind Hall in other Ares. No wonder it is considered a masterpiece of Chinese stone-brick buildings. The difficulty involved in its construction and the complexity of techniques adopted testify the wisdom of the architects of that time in china.
In 1928, the KMT government turned the hall into a sacrificial memorial hall to hold memorial ceremony for the martyrs, and a stand in the main lobby of the hall for worshipping the Boundless Longevity Buddha was turned into
sacrificial platform. The middle of the three tablets on the hall is engraved with characters reading “The Bier of the National Revolutionary Martyrs”. Dying Words of the State father” inscribed on the right and national anthem of the Republic of china on left. The names of 33000 officials and men died in the North Expedition War against Warlords and the War of Resistance against Japan are carved on the black marble tablets inlaid in the walls. All these remain intact as they were in the 1930s.
An irregular and zigzag enclosure wall is built between the Beamless Hall and the Pine and Wind Pavilion, symbolizing the rim of KMT Blussky and Daylight Flag. A tree planted in the middle of a circle symbolizes the Sun with brick made halo around.No.1 cemetery is in between the two sacrificial pillars standing near the hall. The other two cemeteries locate on both west and east of the Beamless Hall. The whole design seems that the cemetery is under the blue-sky and Day bright Flag.
The Pine and Wind Pavilion was built in 1929, as the memorial hall of the officials and men killed in the action with the things left behind by the martyrs. The pavilion was damaged in the war of Resistance against Japan and restored after 1949. The present name Pine and wind Pavilion was given after its restoration. Beyond the Pavilion is and ancient two-layered tripod , on which is inscribed 4 characters “Engraved Tripod for Memory of Merits”
Linggu Pagoda was built in 1933 as a memorial pagoda for the officials and men killed in wars. The nine storeyed octagonal, is over sixty-meter-high, with a corridor encircled by stone rails on each story. The pagoda was designed by the famous architects Mao Fei and Dong Dayou . 3 characters “Linggupagoda” are inscribed on the lintel of the front door and “where there is a will there‟s a way” on the lintel of the back door. On the exterior wall there are 4 characters “Faithful Dedication to the Service of the nation” which is the handwriting of Chiang Kaishek. Inside the pagoda a spiral staircase of 252 steps winds to the top through the nine stories. The inner walls from the second floor to the forth are inlaid with Dr. Sun‟s farewell speech made in Whangpoa Military Academy on November 30,1924 just before the starting of the North Expedition War. The inner walls from fifth to the eighth are inlaid with Dr. Sun‟s opening speech for Whangpoa Military Academy made on June 16,1924. When one gets to the top story and gazes into the distance, one can get panoramic view of the entire area with fantastic scenery.
In the bushes west of Pine and Pavilion there lays a tomb pagoda “Baogong Pagoda” named after the eminent Monk Baozhi of the southern Dynasties.
The Linggu Temple was relocated to the present site in the Ming dynasty and Linggu Buddhist Monastery by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. The present temple is much small than it used to be .In the temple there is the Treasure Hall of the Great Sage. In the east of the hall , there is a chamber , which used to be called the Goddess of mercy Hall. But it is turned to be memorial hall of Master Xuan zang, who went on a pilgrimage to India in the 7th century and brought back with him large quantities of Buddhist sutras. Then he devoted to the translation of these sutras and greatly enriched the Chinese Buddhist culture in the Tang Dynasty.
City wall of Ming Dynasty
The building of the wall began in 1366, ordered by Zhu Yuanzhang who adopted the suggestion of “building the high wall” by one of his staff and founded the Ming Dynasty two years later. More than 200000 people were employed on the project and many of them died before the wall was completed in 1386.
The wall was 33.678 kilometers in circumference and 14.21 meters high on average. The base of the wall is 14meters wide and the top of the wall is 7meters wide. It was the longest city wall in the world and the city enclosed
端午节英文导游词篇十：一本通英文导游词
北京导游考试英语导游词
一．Tian’anmen(天安门)
1.Tian’anmen Rostrum(天安门城楼)
Tian’anmen or the Gate of Heavenly Peace is a symbol of new China,located in the center of Beij ing and stands on the northern end of the Tian’anmen Square．It was first built in 1417 and was riginally called the Gate of Heavenly Succession(Chengtianmen)，which served as the main entrance to the former Imperial City．At the end of the Ming dynasty in 1644，it was seriously damaged in a war．When it was rebuilt in 1651 in the Qing dynasty，the name was changed to Tian’anmen． The gate has five passages．During the Ming and Qing dynasties，the passage in the middle was especially reserved for the emperor himself．The emperor went through the central passage on the way to the altars and temples for ritual and some other religious activities．
During the Ming and the Qing dynasties，Tian’anmen Rostrum was the place where the important state ceremonies took place．The most famous“Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”was held on the tower．
Tian’anmen Rostrum is 34．7 meters high with glistering yellow glazed tiles on the roof．It was on this gate that our late Chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed to the whole world the founding of the People’s Republic of China on October 1 st 1949.Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New China．Probably that is why，even today，Chairman Mao’s portrait is still hung above the central entrance．There are two slogans on each side，one is：“Long Live the People’S Republic of China”，the other one is：“Long Live the Great Unity of the People of the World”．Tian’anmen Rostrum was opened to the public on Januarv 1st 19ss for the first time in its history for the first Year of Tourism，and that was also the Year of Dragon．
On the west side of Tian’anmen Rostrum stands Zhongshan Park，formerly called the Altar of Land and Grain(Shejitan)．It was built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land．The name was changed to Zhongshan Park in 192s in memorv of Dr．Sun yat—sen，the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution．While on the east side is the Working People’s Cultural Palace that used to be the Supreme Ancestral Temple(Taimiao)，where the tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept．
During the Ming and Qing dynasties，the rooms in front of Tian anmen Gate were offices of the imperial administration while the two rows of rooms on both sides behind Tian’anmen bate were antechambers for the civil and military officials waiting for the imperial audience given by the emperor．But now they are temporary exhibition rooms，souvenir shops and offices tor the guards of honor of the National F1ag．
2.Stone Bridges Over the Outer Golden Water River(外金水桥)
The river in front of Tian’anmen is called Outer Golden River．Spanning over the Golden River are seven arched stone bridges，known as the Golden Water Bridges．The stone bridges have different names．According to the historical records，in the Ming and Qing dynasties，the middle one was for the emperor only so it was called Imperial Bridge．The two bridges on each side were used by the royal family members and therefore they were called Royals’Bridges．The two bridges farther out were Ministerial Bridges for the civil and military officials above the
third rank．The remaining two bridges in front of the Altar of Land and Grain to the west and the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east，were for the officials below the fourth rank called Common Bridges．
2.Stone Lions on Both S ides of the 0uter Golden Water Bridge (外金水桥旁石狮子)
The two pairs of stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen served as guardians in the old days．They gazed toward the middle axis guarding the emperor’s walkway．Taking a careful look at the stone lion on the west，you will find a small hole on the belly．It is said that this hole was left over when the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing．Another saying is that it was made by Li Zicheng，the his spear in 1644．
4.Huabiao(华表)
A pair of marble columns standing infront of Tian’anmen Rostrum are made of white marble，sculptured with dragon design．In Chinese they are called“Huabiao”．Behind the Tian’anmen stands another pair of marble columns．The story of Huabiao can be traced far back to 4000 years ago in the period of Yao(around the end of 22nd century BC)，one of the sage kings in ancient China．At that time，the pillar was made of wood with a crossbar at the top known as a“slander pillar'，Standing in front of the“slander pillar”he would allow the common people to give their comments，advice and criticisms or to expose the evildoers.What he did wao showing his willingness to accept the views of the common people．Later it was reduced to a“sign post”or“street signs”，which
could give people’s direction．However，as time went on，Huabiao has lost its original function and significance．Finally it became a pure decoration or an ornament for the architecture purpose，but was made Of stone or marble rather than wood．
On the top of Huabiao，a stone mythical animal squatting on the top is called“hou”，a legendary animal as said，is one of the nine sons of the dragon．Since it has a habit for over
watching，it was always made to sit on the top of it．Here it served as to watch over the emperor’S behavior．Whenever the emperor stayed too long outside the imperial palace，he would warn the emperor not to stay away too long outside，hurry back and take care of the state affairs，we were looking forward to your return．Therefore，the pair of the stone animals sitting on
Huabiao in front of Tian’anmen facing south were given the name“Wangjungui”，in English：“Expecting the emperor’s coming back”．Another pair of Huabiao is behind the Tian’anmen Rostrum．The stone animal“hou”facing to the Forbidden City kept eyes on what the emperor was doing in the imperial palace and always reminded the emperor that not to stav in the palace too long spending the luxury life with the empress and concubines．He would urge the emperor to come out and get to know the sufferings and the complaints of the common people and we were expecting you coming out．Hence these two were given the name“Wangjunchu”which means in English：“Expecting the emperor’s going out”．
5.Tian'anmen Square(天安门广场)
Tian’anmen Square is situated south of Tian'anmen Rostrum,ss0 meters long from north to south and 500 meters wide from east to west，with a total area of 44 hectares(109 acres)．It can hold half a million people but once it accommodated as many as one million people for public
gathering．Tian’anmen Square is the largest city center square in the world．The square has witnessed
ththmany historical events，such as：“The May 4 Movement”in 1919， “The March 1s
thMassacre”in 1926 and“The December 9“Students’Movement”in 1935．
There are some other movements that took place here too，but the most famous one is the May 4thStudents Movement took place here in 1919．More than 3，000 students from Beijingschools and universities came to the square to demonstrate against feudalism and imperialism，as well as the rule of the military leaders．The event was a landmark in modern Chinese history．
st Another important event took place here was on October 1 1949，the people of Beijing hailed
the liberation on Tian’anmen Square.Chairman Mao Zedong，standing on Tian’anmen Rostrum，solemnly declared to the whole world：“The People’s Republic of China has been founded!The Chinese people have ever since stood up!”A massive public gathering and grand parade of celebration were held on the square on that day．
Today，Tian’anmen Square attracts millions of people from all over the world every year．So the square is always full of tourists who are busy in taking pictures or having pictures taken．The local people just go there and relax，fly kites or enjoy the beautiful kites on the sky．Now，Tian’anmen Square is a place for celebrations on important festive occasions，such as the International Labor Day on May 1st，and National Day on October 1st．
In the center of the square is the National Flagpole,made of 4 seamless steel tubes，32．6 meters high，and 7 tons in weight． which will not get rusty for 20 years．The bright and red national flag with five yellow stars flutters on the flagpo1e．The big yellow star represents the Communist Party of China in the center and the four smaller ones symbolize the masses of the Chinese people surrounding the Communist Party of China．The National Flag of the People’s Republic of China was first raised by Chairman Mao Zedong on October 1 st 1949，when he proclaimed the founding of the People’s Republic of China from the Tian’anmen Rostrum．Since May 1 st，1991，we have the flag—raising ceremony everyday at sunrise in the morning when the sun rises above the horizon，
stand we also have the flag—lowering ceremony everyday at sunset．During the ceremony，the 1 day
in every month there are 36 guards of honor with 60 guards of military band behind，making up 96 guards altogether,march along the north—south axis towards the flagpole．The number 96 signifies the territory of China，which has 9．6 million square kilometers in area．While there are also 56 poles in the balustrade around the base of the National Flag，that has a special meaning for 56 nationalities in China and in Beijing．
Tian'anmen Square in the Past
Tian’anmen Square used to be a“T”shaped square when it was first built in the Ming Dynasty．At that time，the offices—Jocated on the westside were for the military officers and the offices for the civil officials were on the east．In the early days of the Ming Dynasty，a gate was built right on the present side of the Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum and it was called“The Gate of Great Ming”(Da Ming Men)，served as the south gate of the imperial city．Later in the Qing Dynasty，it was changed Into “the Gate of Great Qing”(Da Qing Men)by the Qing Emperor．
It was again renamed as“the Gate of China”in 1912(Zhong Hua Men)．The space between the Tian’anmen Gate and the Gate of Great Ming was a shape of“T”．During the Ming and Qing dynasties，there were two more gates built on Chang’an Avenue．The one on the west was called“the Right Gate of Chang’an Avenue”(Chang An You Men)which was for the criminals．At that time，the criminals were sent to pass through this gate after the Autumn Trial，So it was also called“Tiger Gate”just as they were brought to the tiger’s mouth．The gate on the east was called“the Left Gate of Chang’an
Avenue”(Chang An Zuo Men)for those scholars who passed the Palace Examination to walk through；hence it was named as the“Dragon Gate”．
Tian’anmen Square was enlarged in the 1950s and some important buildings were also built on the square，such as：The Great Hall of the People to the west，the Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution to the eastand the Monument to the People’s Heroes is standing in the center with Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum right behind it．In 1999，for the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China．the original stones that used to pave the square were replaced by the light—red natural granite slabs．Two lawns were also added as part of the capital’s greening campaign．
6.The Great Hall of the People(人民大会堂)
The Great Hall of the People，located on the west of the Tian’anmen Square，is one of the 10
thmajor buildings built in 1959．In 1959，in order to celebrate the 10 anniversary of the founding
of the People’s Republic of China，10 big projects were built in Beijing and the Great Hall of the People is one of them．The construction of the Great Hall of the People started at the end of October 195s，and was completed in 1959 within only 10 months．It is 336 meters long from north to south，206 meters wide from east to west with a total floor space of over 170，000 square meters．The highest point of this building is 46．5 meters high in the center with a big national emblem hanging in the middle．The building consists of three parts：
(1)The 10，000一seat Grand Auditorium
The grand auditorium in the center has a floor space of 4，500 square meters．It is 60 meters long and 76 meters wide，and 32 meters in height．The 10，000 seats are equipped with earphones for the simultaneous interpretation in 12 languages．The presidium covers a floor space of 600 square meters with 300 seats．A set of lights in the center，like a red star installed on the ceiling．On the further outer ring are scattered 500 starrv lights，symbolizing all the Chinese people to unite closely round the Chinese Communist Party．
(2)The Banquet Hall with 5，000 Seating Capacity
The banquet hall with a seating capacity of 5，000 is in the northern part of the Great Hall of the People facing Changan Avenue．It is an important place for the state leaders to hold banquets in entertaining distinguished guests．It is 102 meters long from east to west and 7 6 meters wide from north to south，and 15 meters in height with a floor space of 7，000 square meters．This banquet hall can hold a banquet for 5，000 people or a cocktail party of over 10，000 people．
(3)The Offices for the Standing Committee of the National
People’s Congress and thirty-four Reception Halls
In the southern part of the Great Hall of the People there are offices for the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and thirty-four reception halls，which are named after different provinces，municipalities，autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government as well as the special administrative regions，like Hong Kong and Macao．The decoration and furnishings in these halls are very different from each other for stressing their 1ocal features or their unique style．
The Great Hall of the People is the place for holding conference for the National People’s Congress，the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Committee．The State Council and other people’s organizations also conduct their political activities there．
7.The National Museum(The Museum of the ChineseHistory and the Museum of the' Chinese Revolution)国家博物馆(原中国革命博物馆和中国历史博物馆) Located on the east of the Tian’anmen Square is the National Museum which formerly called the Museum of the Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution．It is 313 meters long from north to south，149 meters wide from east to west and 40 meters high covering a total floor space of 65，000 square meters．The southern part is the Museum of the Chinese History，and on the north is the Museum of the Chinese Revolution．
The building was one of the ten major projects built in 1959．The Museum of the Chinese History grew out of the Beijing Historical Museum，which was built in 1912．Later a preparation office for the establishment of the Central Museum and Beijing Historical Museum was set up in 1934．In 1959，the Museum was moved into the present site from the annexes chamber on both sides of the Meridian Gate in the Forbidden City．Since then，300，000 pieces of historical relics are on display there showing the Chinese history from 1.7 million years ago to 1919．The historical exhibition is divided into four parts： st ·The Primitive Society(1.7 million years ago to 21 century BC．)；
·The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC．)：The Feudal Society(475 BC．to 1s40 AD．)； The Semi—Colonial and Semi—Feudal Society(1 s40 to1919)： The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the periodfrom 1919 to 1949．
The name“National Museum”was given in 2003 on the present site of the Museum of the Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution．
8.The Monument to the People's Heroes(人民英雄纪念碑)
In the center of the Tian’anmen Square stands the Monument to the People’s Heroes．On September th30，1 949，the decision was made by the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference to build the monument on the Tian’anmen Square．And then at 6：00 P．m that afternoon Chairman Mao and other delegates laid the corner stone for the monument．The construction began in 1952 and was completed in 195s．The monument was built in order to commemorate the people’s heroes who laid down their lives in the course of the Chinese revolution and the Chinese 1iberation．
The monument is 3s meters high with 17，000 pieces of granite and white marble on the base．The foundation of the monument covers an area of 3，000 square meters．The obelisk itself was brought from Qingdao，Shandong Province．It is 14.7 meters high that consists of 413 pieces of granite，and 2．9 meters wide，1 meter thick，60 tons in weight．
On the front side of the monument，there is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by our late Chairman Mao Zedong：“Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”On the back of the monument is an article also written by Chairman Mao，but the calligraphy written by our late Premier ZhouEnlai：“Eternal glory to the people’s heroes who laid down their lives in the people’s war of Liberation and the people’s revolution in the past three yeans!Eternal glory to the people’s heroes who laid down their lives in the people’s war of Liberation and the people’s revolution in the past thirty years! Eternal glory to the people’s heroes who laid down their lives in the many struggles against foreign and domestic enemies，for national independence and for the people’s freedom and happiness from 1s40 onward!”A11 the characters carved on the monument are gold—plated． Under the obelisk are the two—layered bases of the monument．The upper layer is carved with flowers of chrysanthemum，peony and lotus—flower symbolizing fortitude，nobility and purity，and they are formed into eight giganticwreathes in dedication to the revolutionary martyrs．The bottom layer of the monument is inlaid with eight big pieces of white marble relieves carved out of white marble，depicting 1s0 figures showing the Chinese historic events since 1s40． ·The Burning of Opium in 1s40：
·The Jintian Uprising in Guangxi of 1s51
·The Wuchang Uprising in Hubei of 1911；
·The May 4th Movement of 1919；
·The May 30th Movement of 1925；
st ·The Nanchang Uprising in Jiangxi of 1927(August 1 Uprising)
·The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945；
·Successful Crossing of the Yangtze River by the People’s Liberation Army in 1949．Two smaller ones flanked on both sides of this relief——“Supplying the Front”and “Greeting the P．L．A．”．
9.Chairman Mao's Mausoleum(毛主席纪念堂)
Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum,located south of the Monument to the People's Heroes，was built in 1977．Chairman Mao Zedong，the founder of the People’s Republic of China and Chairman of the thCommunist Party of China，was born on December 26 ，1s93，in Hunan Province．He passed away in Beijing on September 9th ，1976，at the age of s3．In order to commemorate this great man，the mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1 9 7 6 and was completed in May 1977．The whole construction took only 6 months，and it was officially opened to the public on September
9th ，1977，just one year after his death．Covering an area of 57，000 square meters，it occupies at total floor space of 2s，000 square meters．
Above the main entrance is an inscription of“Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum”inscribed in gold． Outside the Mausoleum，there are 4 sculptures surrounding the mausoleum．Two at the northern entrance and the other two are on the southern gate．The sculpture at the northern entrance to the east signifies the great achievements the Chinese people made under the leadership of Chairman Mao and the Chinese Communist Party in the new democratic revolution，while the
other one on the west represents the great victory in the socialist revolution and construction．The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers，farmers， soldiers，intellectuals，technicians and children who are determined to carry the proletarian revolutionary cause through to the end．
The mausoleum is 2s0 meters long from north to south and 220 meters wide from east to west．There are three main halls inside the mausoleum：
(1)The North Hall
In the center of the hall is the white marble statue of Chairman Mao，3.45 meters in sitting posture placed on the platform．On the wall behind the statue is a 7 by 24 meters fine needlepoint woolen tapestry with beautiful landscapes of our country and the Chinese words：“Such a beauty is our motherland!”
(2)The Central Hall
The Hall for Paying Respects to the Remains of Chairman Mao is the main hall of the mausoleum．In the center of the hall there is a crystal coffin in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the red flag of the Chinese Communist Party covering over him．There are 1 7 gilded Chinese characters in official script on the white marble of the front wall，which read：“Eternal Glory to the Great
Leader and Teacher Chairman Mao Zedong”．
(3)The South Hall
On the wall of the southern hall is inscribed a poem in gold inlay by Chairman Mao and in his own handwriting，entitled “Manjianghong”．expressing his full great expectations for the country． There are some other memorial rooms where people can view a documentary about the life of those great and veteran revolutionaries，such as：Mao Zedong，Zhou Enlai，Zhu De，Liu Shaoqi，Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yun，etc．
10.Qian Men(Front Gate)or ZhengYang Men
(South．Facing Gate)(前门／正阳门)
The Zheng Yang Gate is also known as the Front Gate，actually it is the South Front Gate of the inner city．It was one of the nine city gates in the old city of Beijing．It was built in 1420 in the early Ming dynasty．In the old days，this gate was a passage of entry and exit reserved for the emperor．The tower in the front is the Arrow Tower(Jian Lou)．
①Tian’anmen Rostrum
②Outer Golden Water River
③The Great Hall of the People
④The National Museum
⑤The Monument to the People’s Heroes
⑥Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum
⑦Qian Men or Zheng Yang Men
⑧Arrow Tower
The Forbidden City is located in the center of Beijing．It used to be the former Imperial Palace for the Ming and Qing emperors．In 136s，after the first emperor Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty，he made Nanjing as his capital．But after the third emperor Zhu Di came to the throne in 1402．he decided to move the capital from Nanjing to Beijing．During the third Ming emperor Yong Le’s reign，large-scale construction of the Forbidden City started in 1 406．The
construction took 14 years and was completed in 1420．The following year，in 1421 the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing．Starting from the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di to the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty Pu Yi，altogether 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties lived here for a total of 491 years．14 of them were Ming emperors and 10 were Qing emperors．The last dynasty was overthrown by the 1911 Revolution led by Dr．Sun—Yat—Sen(1s66—1925)．According to the 19 Articles of the preferential treatment for the Qing court，after 1911，the last emperor Pu Yi and his royal family were still allowed to live in the inner court of the Forbidden City．So Emperor Pu Yi and his family spent another 13 years in the Forbidden City until 1924 when they were driven out of the Palace．In 1925 the whole complex was converted into a museum and opened to the public．And then it was called Palace Museum． The Palace Museum was also known as the Forbidden City or Purple Forbidden City in the old days．Actually it was the imperial palace for the emperor and served as both living quarters and the venue of the state administration．In the feudal society，the emperor had supreme power and he believed he was the person just below the heaven but above all the people．So his residence was certainly a forbidden place to the common people，in other words，the common people were forbidden to enter the imperial palace．Hence the name“Forbidden City”．The word “Purple”comes from ancient Chinese astronomers’belief that purple was the symbolic color of the North Star．In ancient China，astronomers put the stars into three constellations．The Purple Star was located in the center of the universe，which was believed to be the center of the cosmos，and the Palace on the Purple Star was called“Purple Palace”for the God of Heaven to live in．Since the emperor believed that he was the“Son of the Heaven”，SO the emperor called his Forbidden City“Purple Forbidden City”，because the emperor believed that his Palace was in the center of the earth，for the Palace was built along the north-south central axis of the capital city of Beijing．Hence the name“Purple Forbidden City．”
The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares(17s acres)with a total floor space of about 163，000 square meters．It is rectangular in shape，960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west with a 10一meter high city wall surrounded and encircled by a 52 meter-wide moat．At each corner of the surrounding wall，there is a magnificent watchtower which was heavily guarded in the old days．Each of the four watchtowers has 9 beams，1s pillars and 72 ridgepoles．A1l the numbers are related with 9 or multiples of 9，and the three numbers plus together is 99．What a magnificent structure we Chinese people did!
Most of the structures in the Forbidden City were made of wood with white marble，stone or brick foundations．The building materials were from many parts of our country．The timber came from Sichuan，Guizhou，Guangxi，Hunan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China．But in the Qing Dynasty，the timbers were transported from northeast China．The stones and marbles were quarried from nearby hills in Fangshan District，70 kilometers(43.5 miles)southwest of Beijing and Hebei 二.The Forbidden City(故宫)
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