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篇一:《小造句,大文章》
小造句，大文章
【摘要】：细节描写是决定一篇文章优劣成败的关键。但在学生的作文中，我们发现他们的文章往往是只有对事件的概要描述，却没有对细节的精雕细刻。针对这个问题，我实施了以”重点辅助系统-用足教材，追求实效”、”辅助训练系统-每周一课，形成个性”；”助力推动系统-编辑周刊，激发兴趣”3个方面的策略，以低段造句训练为突破口，引导学生追求句子内容的丰富多彩和句子形式的多样化，提高学生细节描写的能力，从而提高写作水平。
【关键词】：低段；造句；细节描写
【中图分类号】g620
我们的困惑
相信不少从事小学高段语文教学的老师都会和我一样有一个共同的感受，那就是很大一部分高年级的学生，他们的语言文字表达能力低于学生该有的能力和水平，也很难达到老师的期望值。而我，每每接到一个新班，总会发现孩子文字表达和作文练习中存在的一些通病：
一、文字表达苍白无力。如五上第1课课堂作业本中，安排了”一边......一边......”的造句训练。训练点非常简单，但孩子的作业质量却我让瞠目结舌，如：
晚上，妈妈一边织毛衣，一边看电视。
放学路上，我一边骑自行车，一边哼着小曲。
从作业反馈来看，一半孩子的造句内容空洞无物，由此，我不由
篇二:《短文写作的造句》
英语每日一课---短文写作的造句
短文写作的造句
句子是能够表达完整意思, 在语法上可以独立运用的基本语言单位。一篇文章是一组由语义相关的句子组成, 句子的好坏直接影响到一篇作文的质量。要写好研究生入学考试的作文, 也必须从句子开始, 多下功夫, 不断练习。
一、语 法 规 范
任何一个句子, 尤其是书面语的句子, 首先要做到合乎语法规范, 如主谓结构完整、主谓一致、正确的时态、语态以及其他语法规则。例如: 例1. A series of debates between the two lecturers were scheduled for the next weekend.
(were、was)
例2. There are many students play football on the sports ground.
(play、playing)
例3. People there are not rich to purchase a car.
(People there are not rich enough to purchase a car.)
例4. It is incredible to many people. Cigarette smokers spend money for illness. (It is incredible to many people that cigarette smokers spend money for illness.) 例5. There is a teacher I shall always remember. Because she has a sweet voice and a pleasant smile.
(There is a teacher I shall always remember because she has a sweet voice and a pleasant smile.)
另外, 在造句时尤其要避免犯溶合句的错误, 所谓的溶合句是指两个或两个以上的句子没有适当的标点符号或连接词而溶合在一起。例如:
He does not speak too rapidly, his voice is loud, it can be heard by everyone in the classroom.
应修改为:
He does not speak too rapidly and his voice is so loud that it can be heard by everyone in the classroom.文章怎么造句。
二、一 致 性
句子的一致性在此主要是指意思的完整性, 也就是说, 一个句子所表达的应该是一个相对完整的意思。例如:
例1. Bicycles are so popular in China.
这是一个意义很不完整的句子, 我们应该对它再做进一步的补充说明, 修改成:
Bicycles are so popular in China that almost every family has at least one. 例2. Born in London in 1921, he grew up to be a physicist.
句子所陈述的两项事实之间的关系不密切, 缺乏一致性。应改为:
He was born in London in 1921. 匜inally he became a physicist.
例3. Many students go to school and live at home. In this way combining the advantages of both school and home.
由于标点符号的误用, 使得短语被作为一个独立的句子看待, 影响了句子的一致性, 可以改为:
Many students go to school and live at home, in this way combining the advantages of both school and home.
三、连 贯 性
句子的连贯性是指句子的成分之间连接正确, 条理清楚, 整体结构自然流畅, 融会贯通。句子的连贯性包含两层含义: 句子各部分意义上的连贯和句子各部分之间结构上的连贯。在使用复合句时, 最容易犯连贯性差的错误。一个句子可以表达两个或多层意思, 但各层意思之间必须具有一定的内在联系和逻辑关系, 如果将两个完全不同的思想置于同一个句子中, 用并列关系或从属关系表示, 则完全破坏了句子的连贯性。而且, 在使用复合句时, 必须弄清句子要表达的主要思想和次要思想, 并摆好主次之间的关系。除此之外, 修饰成分位置不当, 平行结构使用不合理以及非谓语动词作状语的误用等等, 都有可能破坏句子的连贯性。
例如:
例1. He was knocked down, but it was not serious.
在上句中, 代词it指代不明确, 可以改为:
He was knocked down, but was not seriously hurt.
例2. He told my brother he was wrong.
在上句中, 代词he指代模棱两可, 可以改为:
He admitted that he was wrong and said so to my brother.
例3. Tom is charming, clever, and a very capable young man.
上句所使用的平行结构有问题, 可以改为:
Tom is charming, clever and very capable. 或者:
Tom is a charming, clever and very capable young man.
例4. To succeed in a scientific research, persistence is needed.
不定式的逻辑主语与全句的主语不一致, 可以改为:
To succeed in a scientific research, one needs to be persistent.
例5. Looking out of window, a lake can be seen.
分词的逻辑主语与全句的主语不一致, 可以改为:
Looking out of window, I can see a lake.
四、句式的多样性
在上面我们已经提到, 在写作时要注意句式的变化, 使文章读起来富有生气。同样一个意思可以通过多种句式来表达,
例如:
需求的增长导致了价格的升高。这一意义我们可以通过下列句式来表达:
The cause of/reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.
The/One effect/consequence/result of an increase in demand is higher prices.
The demand has increased. Therefore/So/As a result/ Accordingly / Consequently/Because of this/Thus/Hence/For this reason/Now, the prices are higher. Because/As/Since/Now that the demand has increased, the prices are higher. An increase in demand often causes/results in/leads to/produces higher prices. Higher prices are caused by/due to an increase in demand.
The prices are higher because of/as a result of/on account of /owing to/through an increase in demand.
The prices are higher because/since/as there is an increase in demand. 在考虑英语句式的变化时, 我们一般从以下几个方面入手:文章怎么造句。
(1) 既可以用主动式也可以用被动式, 例如:
例1. Today, we use machines not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well.
Today machines are widely used not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well.
例2. Some people believe that it will be possible for automatic machines to replace completely in the future.文章怎么造句。
It is believed by some people that it will be possible for automatic machines to replace completely in the future.
(2) 既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式, 例如:
例1. I shall go there unless it rains.
I shall go there if it doesn't rain.
例2. Their daily lives don't provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy.
Their daily lives fail to provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy.
(3) 某些修饰成分既可以用在句子前面也可以用在后面, 还可以用在中间, 例如: 例1. With a car, people can get around freely.
People can get around freely with a car.
例2. In fact, speaking is one of the most important means of communication. Speaking is in fact one of the most important means of communication.
(4) 既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装语序, 例如:
例1. A new type of TV sets was among the products on display.
Among the products on display was a new type of TV sets.
例2. We did not realize the problem of energy crisis until the end of last century. Not until the end of last century did we realize the problem of energy crisis.
(5) 既可以用简单句也可以用并列句或者主从复合句, 例如:
例1. Nowadays a lot of people work in office, spending most of their time indoors. Nowadays a lot people work in office and they spend most of their time indoors. 例2. There are many means of getting information and they enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world.文章怎么造句。
There are many means of getting information which enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world.
(6) 英语句式变化实例。英语写作句式的变化是一个非常重要的部分, 它直接显示出考生用英语表达能力的高低, 同时也是考生最感困难的一部分, 因此, 我们再拿出一些篇幅, 列举一些实例, 下面这些实例都遵循了上面我们所讲述的一些方法, 希望考生能仔细阅读, 并能有所启发。(注: 本部分取材于蔡基刚编著《 英语考试高分作文》 上海交通大学出版社 1995) 例1. a. There are many people who prefer to go by bike, because they are not satisfied with bus service.
b. The public preference for riding a bicycle reflects their dissatisfaction with bus service.
例2. a. There are more and more people who realize the close connection between energy and population.
b. The close connection between energy and population is increasingly recognized. 例3. a. There are fewer and fewer green trees in many big cities while there are more and more concrete buildings.
b. The number of concrete buildings in many big cities has enormously increased at the expense of green belts.
例4. a. There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films.
b. Films are now losing their appeal for many citizens.
例5. a. There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages. b. Housing shortages become the source of great complaint.
例6. a. People began to discuss the possibility of abolishing examination enthusiastically.
b. A spirited discussion springs up as to the possibility of abolishing examinations. 例7. a. People throughout the country have greatly demanded all kinds of nutritious foods.
b. There is a great demand across the country for all kinds of nutritious foods. 例8. a. People should realize the dreadful consequences of taking us the smoking habit.
b. There should be a general awareness of the dreadful consequences of taking up the smoking habit.
例9. a. We will never forget this lesson.
b. The lesson will be firmly rooted in our minds.
例10.a. We certainly should make great efforts.
b. Great efforts are certainly required.
例11.a. Because the decision recognizes the fact that students are trying to put an end to the cheating on the campus, so they will welcome it.
b. Students all welcome the decision which recognizes their effort to put an end to the cheating on the campus.
例12.a. Because one can not know what kind of knowledge will be more useful in the future, so he cannot make a sound choice in taking school courses.
b.The inability to predict what particular piece of knowledge will be more useful in the future prevents a person from making sound choice in taking school courses. 例13.a. Because many people desire to learn foreign languages, there appear many language schools.
b. Many language schools are called into existence by the social demand for acquisition of foreign languages.
例14.a. Because energy is becoming less and less, we have to find a way to solve this problem.
b. Faced with growing shortages of energy, we have to find a solution to this problem. 例15.a. Because today is our teachers birthday we hold a party to show honor to him. b. We hold a party in honor of our teacher whose birthday is today.
例16.a. If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference. b. Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference.
例17.a. If we understand the greater pressure of population growth, we will have a correct attitude towards family planning.
b. A better understanding of the greater pressure of population growth is essential to a correct attitude towards family planning.
例18.a. If there is no waste nor pollution, man can certainly survive.
b. Man can certainly survive in the world where there is no waste nor pollution. 例19.a. If we only apply book knowledge, we will not get good result.
b. The application of book knowledge alone won't bring you good result.
例20.a. If our parents don't control children strictly, their potentials will be fully developed.
b. Free from the strict control by our parents, children's potentials will be fully developed.
例21.a. When the old worker sees he is going to retire, he begins to worry very much. b. The mere prospect of retirement would set the old worker to worry very much. 例22.a. When our teacher had left, the heated discussion then ended.
b. The departure of our teacher brought the heated discussion to an end.
例23.a. When there is a slight improvement in their children's studies, the parents will feel happy and proud.
b. The slightest improvement in their children's studies will lead to their parents' happiness and pride.
例24.a. Only when one rids himself of complacency can he learn something. b. One can not learn anything until he rids himself of complacency.
例25.a. Only when we make continuous efforts can we take an opportunity whenever it occurs.
b. Continuous efforts must be made before it is possible to take an opportunity whenever it occurs.
例26.a. With the development of science and technology, we can have a plentiful supply
篇三:《用“非 不可”造句的文章》
来看一个关于用“非 不可”造句的文章吧，保准你笑掉大牙！
小学时上语文课，老师让我们用“非„„不可”造句。从第一组开始，一个接一个来。
第一位同学挠了半天脑壳，终于憋出一句话:“我今天非造一个句不可。”老师差点笑破肚皮，也学他的样子挠了挠脑壳:“嗯，马马虎虎。”
第二位同学平时贪玩，站起来却出口成章:“今天晚上，我非看电影不可。”老师的脸色明显变得很难看:“不看电影会死人啊？”该同学赶紧坐下，大气不敢出。
第三位同学已打好草稿，拿起来就念:“最近爷爷生病了，在家老是咳嗽，妈妈又不给钱让他买药，这样下去，他非咳死不可。”老师听完，不住地点头:“这个好，不光造了个句子，堪称一篇小说。有时间、地点、人物、事件，还有人物之间的矛盾和事件经过的跌宕，好！”老师一番点评完毕，我们不约而同地鼓起了掌。不幸的是，该同学第二天来上课时鼻青脸肿的，原因是他回家后向其母炫耀得到了老师的夸奖，结果理所当然被其母以诽谤罪处以家法。
轮到班花时，她羞红着脸:“我有一个美丽的愿望，长大了嫁给
非不可。”此言一出，全班爆笑，老师捂着嘴，努力不让牙齿掉出来，末了，说了句:“高瞻远瞩，志存高远。”
长期垄断班级倒数第一名的同学站起来:“这次考试，我非考一百分不可。”老师盯了他几秒钟，拍拍他的肩膀:“革命尚未成功，同学仍需努力。”
轮到我这位班长时，场面上的话自然要说的:“在学校，非得听老师的话不可。”老师神情专注地看着我:“喂，我好像没对你怎么样吧！上次你在校门口和别人为争几块糖打架，我也没对付你呀！你这样‘非„„不可’非得让别人以为我虐待你不可。”我赶紧摆手:“不，我不是那意思，我是说如果不听老师的话，就不能考好成绩，长大了就不能当官发财。”老师笑了笑:“嗯，为了能当官发财，是要听老师的话！下一位。”
老师话音刚落，只听得一个声音响起:“我姓非，名不可。”一语既出，举座皆晕，这家伙脸皮真够厚，占班花的便宜还能如此气定神闲、泰然自若，也算是一种修为、一种极致了。只听见老师气急败坏地说:“好小子，为了媳妇改名换姓，连老子都不要了。在这里修理你会有人说是体罚学生，回家后看我怎么收拾你。”看官莫惊，那位表露心迹的同学正是老师家的少爷。