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Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
1.painter paint
动词改为名词加上后缀-er
teach- teacher sing-singer read-reader
visit- visitor invent-inventor
有些动词加上-er或者加上-or变为名词多指男性，若指女性加后缀-ress actor- actress waiter-waitress tailor-tailoress author-authoress
2.cook n./v.
3.I have some questions about dinosaurs.
About指代内容比较普遍 ,on 暗指内容是专门的，是学术性的
4.There isn’t anybody in the room.
1)不定代词为单数
2)There be这里有
The books are _________ the table.
There is a bridge ____________ the river.
6.It’s always useful to have an encyclopaedia around the house.(P10)
It’s +adj+for sb to do sth...对于某人来说做某事是.....
It为形式主语，没有实际意义，正真的主语是后面的不定式短语...
7.A week later....(P12)
一段时间+later,表示一段时间之后，常用于过去时。
表将来的一段时间之后_________________________
8.表花费：
spend(s) / spent … spend(s) / spent … ( pay(s)/ paid…. cost(s) sb. … takes / took sb. …注意各句型中的主语、介词及动词(本身及后面接的动词)的形式
9. a number of & a lot of许多(P14)
a number of + 可数名词复数
a lot of + 可数名词复数/不可数名词
eg. A lot of people were queuing for the film.
许多人排队等著看那部电影.（可用a number of代替）
I haven't got a lot of time.
我时间不多了.(不可用a number of 代替)
注：短语the number of… (……的数目) 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： The number of the students in our school is 900. 我们学校的学生数目是900。
10. as +adj/adv(原级)+as 和……一样……(P3)
I am as tall as my sister.我和姐姐一样高。（tall,形容词） 他工作和我同样努力。(hard,副词)
She sings as well as me. 她唱得和我一样好。(well,副词)
否定形式: not as/so + adj/adv(原级)+as 不如……一样
He is not as/so tall as me.= He is shorter than me.
11.look for & find & find out
look for强调"找"的动作和过程。如：I'm looking for my book. 我正在找我的书。
find强调"找"的结果，即"找"到还是没"找"到。
如： I look for my book everywhere, but I can't find it. 我到处找我的书, 但没找到。
find out表示"查出, 努力查找"。往往是指通过努力去查明事情的真相或查找答案等。如：
The teacher tries to find out who is not in the classroom. 老师试着查出谁没在教室。
12.It was made in 1964 by John Landy.(P13)
这是一个被动句，谓语 was made 意为“被建造”
英语中有两个语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主语 be+动词过去分词 by+主动语态中的主语
13.Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana.(P13)
Make sb do sth.....have /let
14.Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of Big Banana.(P13) Take pictures/take photos of ......
15.Visitors can climb up to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view through its eyes..(P13)
Through 介词 ，通过，透过，强调从物体内部通过
Look through go through
16.Sometimes an encyclopaedia tells us where to look for more information on a similar subject..(P14)【八年级上英语,unit1,encyclopaedias,,,READING,PPT】
Information 信息，情报，资料。它是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
Advice, music ,work, weather, fun.............
17.at the end of ........在......的末尾，在......的尽头（P4）
There is a park at the end of the road.
In the end 最后
18.When I was young, I used to keep a notebook.(P4)
used to do..... 过去常常做某事 否定：didn’t use to........
19.They were not very good,but they helped me think and dream.
Help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
Help ab with sth......
She often helps me to study English.=She often helps me with my English. Help oneself to ..........
Can’t help doing .....She can’t help laughing.
能力提升
一．根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1.Edison was a great i___________ in the world.
2.--How much is the book?--20 d___________.
3.Sall was b____________ in a small town in London.
4.There are two _____________(笔记本)on the desk.
二．用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.It is useful _____________(learn)a foreign language.
2.Can you help me __________(carry)the box ,lily?
3.Remember __________(write)to me when you get to Beijing.
4.I need some _______(photo).Do you have any?
5.About two __________(million)people listened to the programme.
三．单项选择
1.Listening is just as ____________as speaking in language learning.
A.important B.more important
C.most important D.the most important
2.Do you have __________________ to say for our travel?
A.else anything B.anything else C.else something D.something else
3.___________ birds died because of pollution.
A.Two millions B.Millions of C.Million of D.Two millions of
4.There ___________ still some milk in the fridge. You don’t need to go to the store today.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
5.What a fine day!Let’s go ___________ a walk.
A.for B.at C.out D.in
6.The poor old man ___________ a week ago.
A.dead B.death C.dies D.died
7.Don’t look _____________ the windows in class,We must listen to the teacher carefully.
A.out of B.out C.into D.up
8.The PLA man saved three ________ lives in the accident.
A.chlidren’s B.children C.child D.child’s
9.-Do you have _______ pencils?
- No ,but I have________pens.
A.some,any B.any,some C.some,some D.any,any
10.Nobody ___________ me English .I have to learn it by myself.
A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.to teach
三．完形填空。
Charles Dickens, one of the greatest English writers born in 1812, in one of the small of England.
When Dickens was nine years old, the family 3 to London, the capital of England. There was several young children in the family. Their life was hard, so Dickens could not to school.
Only until his father was 5 of prison, could Charles go to school. At that time, he was already twelve years old. But he did not finish school. Two years later he The future writer often went to the library He read . Then Dickens wrote lots of novels all his life. Dickens but people are still reading his books ( ) 1. A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 2. A. town B. towns C. family D. country
( ) 3. A. moves B. moved C. moving D. to move
( ) 4. A. went B. go C. to go D. going
( ) 5. A. out B. at C. off D. up【八年级上英语,unit1,encyclopaedias,,,READING,PPT】
( ) 6. A. work B. works C. worked D. to work
( ) 7. A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
( ) 8. A. a lot B. many C. a lot of D. very much
( ) 9. A. died B. die C. dying D. death
( ) 10. A. to B. in C. with D. out
四．阅读理解
Do you know that fish come out of eggs when they were born? After the baby fish comes out of the eggs, it eats the food in the eggs. When it is big enough, it leaves the egg. It swims in the water. You can see the eyes and the nose. Its ears are hidden (藏) in the head.
Some fish eat other fish. The fish that eat plants have smaller mouths and teeth. The fish that eat other fish need larger mouths and strong teeth.
Fish are usually dark on the top and light on the bottom..
( ) 1 .Fish starts as __________.
A. eggs B. fish C. food D. Plants
( ) 2 .Fish leave eggs when___________.
A. their mothers tell them to B. they know how to swim
C. they are big enough D. they are still very small
( ) 3 .At the very begining the baby fish _____________.
A.Eats the food in the water B.eats the food in the eggs
C.drinks milks D.drinks water
( ) 4 .While fish are swimming in the water, you cannot see their__________.
A. tops B. heads C. eyes D. ears
( ) 5 .The fish with larger mouths and strong teeth are _________.
A. dark on the top and light on the bottom.
B. light on the top and light on the bottom.
C. Fish eaters. D. plants eater.
五．句型转换
1.There was nobody in the classroom.(改为同义句)
There__________ ________ in the classroom.
2.Bill has some books about dinosaurs.(改为否定句)
Bill______ ______ _________ books about dinosaurs.
John born?
_______ __________ did he stay there?
________ __________ you like the countryside?
六．作文
根据内容要点提示用英文写一段文章，简单的介绍一下中国的国宝（national treasure）-大熊猫（panda）。次数80字左右。
产地：中国四川，甘肃等省份。
体貌特征：黑白相间毛皮（black and white fur）,大眼睛，身体虽胖但动作敏捷（move nimbly）,非常招人喜欢。
喜好：最爱吃竹子（bamboo），会爬树，游泳。
寿命：一般20-25年
数量：现在野外生存的仅有1000多只，我们必须努力保护好它们。
Pandas are China’s national treasure._________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
Part 1 基础部分
常考短语：
1、出生 2、在农村
3、例如 4、多于、超过
5、人 6、灭绝、消失
7、从……出来 8、在……的末尾
9、正如；正像 10、重要的事
11、以……而闻名 12、一些……一些……
13、多长时间 14、了解、弄清
15、想要
16、紧挨着
17、去散步 18、看起来像
重点句型及其用法集萃
1.learn to do sth 学习做某事
2、many +复数名词 许多……
3、as+形容词、副词的原级+as 与……一样……
4、used to do sth 过去常常做某事
5、help sb. do sth 帮助某人做某事
6、remember to do sth 记着要去做某事
7、so much+不可数名词 如此多的……
8、It is +形容词+to do sth 做某事是……的
9、一段时间+later ……之后
10、make sb do sth使某人做某事
11、a number of +名词复数 许多……
Part 2 课文重点句型及短语讲解
1. Look it up! 查阅一下。
●look up意为“查阅；查询”强调在词典、参考书等工具书里查询。如：
We can look up new words in a dictionary. 我们可以在词典中查新的单词.
拓展：与look 相关的短语： look around 向周围看 look out 向外看；当心 look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来相同 look forward to 盼望
（2013● 杭州） This morning I some new restaurants on the Internet for I wanted to take Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday.
A. picked up B. looked up C. cleaned up D. gave up
2. Da Vinci 达. 芬奇出生在农村。
●be born意为“出生”.其后可接地点或时间状语，接地点用in，接时间用on或in（具体某一天用on；出生于某年某月用in）如：
Tom was born in Guangzhou on 14 July 1999. 汤姆于1999年7月14日出生于广州。 ●in the countryside 意为“在乡村，在农村”。如：
When he was a child, he lived in the countryside with his grandparents.他小时候和祖父母一起居住在乡下。
从很小的时候起，他就显示除了非凡的智慧和艺术才能
● from an early age 意为“从小起；从幼年起”.
随着年龄的增长，他学会了很多不同的事情。
●as在本句中意为“当„„时候；随着，是连词，引导时间状语从句，它类似于七下unit8
语法板块中学过的引导时间状语从句的连词when，但是含有含有as 引导的时间状语从句，主从句的动作还可以表示“一边„„一边„„”之意。如：
The boy sang as he walked to school. 这个男孩边唱着歌边迈向学校走去.
5. his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines wanted to find.
例如，他的笔记本里就有一些飞行器的有趣的图片.
●for example 意为“例如” 用于列举上文中提到的人、事或物。如：.
A lot of European countries are worth visiting, For example, I have been to the UK, France and Switzerland. 很多欧洲国家都值得一游，譬如我就去过英国、法国和瑞士。
●for example在句子中可以放在开头，也可以作为插入语放在句中。如：
You should visit Hangzhou. Lingyin Temple, for example, is very famous. 你应该去杭州游览。例如灵隐寺就很出名。
恐龙比人类在地球上早出现6000多万年
●more than意为“多于；超过”。它的近义词是over，两者可以互相替换。如：
It will take me more than/ over 2 hours to get to school. 我将要花费2个多小时去学校。
●more than的反义词 less than
有些恐龙小如鸡仔，另一些则有十头大象那么大。
●as…as 中间加形容词的原级，表示“和„„一样„„”的意思，如：
Amy is as tall as her sister. 埃米和她姐姐一样高
后来它们突然全部灭绝了。
●died out 意为“灭绝，消失”如：How did dinosaurs die out? 恐龙是如何灭绝的。
Part 3随堂练习
I. Complete the sentences with proper words.
, he works very hard every day to do a lot of experiments to learn about the life of many plants.
don’t think so.
3. Do you know about World War I and World II? If not, please look them up in that .
4. Mr. Li’voice. It can repeat what you have said.
6. Remember, when you meet a new word, write it down in and ask your teacher or friend later for help.
than Thomas Edison.
looking at me.
he misunderstood my words.
10. The boss asked me several questions. ―Why do you want to come to my company?‖【八年级上英语,unit1,encyclopaedias,,,READING,PPT】
II. Complete the sentences with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary. Use each phrase once only.
1. From yesterday’2. I am a fan of Apple products and I have already yuan on iPhones.
3. If you like shopping, you should go to Europe. ,Paris is shopping paradise for you.
4. , her parents read stories to her every night.
5. I prefer to live
6. Before Sandy , his dad died of an accident.
just like dinosaurs one day.
III. Translation
1. 我于2000年2月14日出生于武汉。（be born）
2.当我经过他的身边时，我给了他的一封信。（as, walk past）
3.左边的这张照片是我的，但右边的那张是汤姆的。(one)
4.西蒙在广州住过两年多的时间。(for, more than)
5.这本字典包括15000多个单词和大约3000幅图片。( include )
6.有些狗和狼一样大，有些则和老鼠一样小。 (as…as, Some…Others…)
7.猛犸于8000多年前灭绝，但我们可以通过它们的骨髓来了解它们。( mammoth, died out, learn about, skeleton )
8.当我突然张开双眼的时候，我的面前放着一块蛋糕。(suddenly )
Part 4 Grammar
一、some 和any
some 和any都可以修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，表示―一些…….‖,但是二者在
用法上还是有一定的区别的。
1.some一般用于肯定句或者表示请、建议并希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中。 David has some friends in shanghai.
May I have some chicken?
Would you like some noodles?
2. any一般用于否定句和疑问句中
Mary hasn’t got any pens. 玛丽没有钢笔。
(1) (2012. 贵阳) It’s A. little B. any C. some
(2) (北京朝阳中考) There isn’t water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.
A. many B. lots C. any D. some
二、复合不定代词
1. I saw nobody.
2. There is not anybody in the room.
3. Is there anything on the bookcase?
复合不定代词 一般是用some, any, no, every与one, thing, body组合构成的。 1、一般来说，some构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句中，any构成的复合不定代词用于 否定句或疑问句中。
2、复合不定代词作主语的时候，谓语用单数形式
Somebody wants to see you.
3、形容词修饰复合不定代词的时候，要放在代词的后面
Do you have anything important to tell us?
一、单项选择
apples. But we don’t have bananas.
A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some
in this book?
A. something interesting B. anything interesting
C. interesting something D. interesting anything
3.—Is here?
—Yes, we are all here.
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