培根说婚姻是爱情

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培根说婚姻是爱情篇一
《培根论爱情》

论爱情(培根) 中英双语散文The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man. For as to the stage, love is ever matter of comedies, and now and then of tragedies; but in life it doth much mischief; sometimes like a siren, sometimes like a fury. 舞台上的爱情生活比生活中的爱情要美好得多。因为在舞台上,爱情只是喜剧和悲剧的素材,而在人生中,爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时象那位诱惑人的魔女(1),有时又象那位复仇的女神(2)。 You may observe, that amongst all the great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient or recent) there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love: which shows that great spirits, and great business, do keep out this weak passion. You must except, nevertheless, Marcus Antonius, the half partner of the empire of Rome, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man, and inordinate; but the latter was an austere and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely) that love can find entrance, not only into an open heart, but also into a heart well fortified, if watch be not well kept. 你可以看到,一切真正伟大的人物(无论是古人、今人,只要是其英名永铭于人类记忆中的),没有一个是因爱情而发狂的人。因为伟大的事业只有罗马的安东尼和克劳底亚是例外(3)。前者本性就好色荒淫,然而后者却是严肃多谋的人。这说明爱情不仅会占领开旷坦阔的胸怀,有时也能闯入壁垒森严的心灵----假如手御不严的话。 It is a poor saying of Epicurus, Satis magnum alter alteri theatrum sumus; as if man, made for the contemplation of heaven, and all noble objects, should do nothing but kneel before a little idol, and make himself a subject, though not of the mouth (as beasts are), yet of the eye; which was given him for higher purposes. 埃辟克拉斯(4)曾说过一句笨话:“人生不过是一座大戏台。”似乎本应努力追求高尚事业的人类,却只应象玩偶般地逢场作戏。虽然爱情的奴隶并不同于那班只顾吃喝的禽兽,但毕竟也只是眼目色相的奴隶,而上帝赐人以眼睛本来是有更高尚的用途的。 It is a strange thing, to note the excess of this passion, and how it braves the nature, and value of things, by this; that the speaking in a perpetual hyperbole, is comely in nothing but in love. Neither is it merely in the phrase; for whereas it hath been well said, that the arch-flatterer, with whom all the petty flatterers have intelligence, is a man's self; certainly the lover is more. For there was never proud man thought so absurdly well of himself, as the lover doth of the person loved; and therefore it was well said, That it is impossible to love, and to be wise. Neither doth this weakness appear to others only, and not to the party loved; but to the loved most of all, excep

t the love be reciproque. For it is a true rule, that love is ever rewarded, either with the reciproque, or with an inward and secret contempt. 过度的爱情追求,必然会降低人本身的价值。例如,只有在爱情中,才总是需要那种浮夸陷媚的词令。而在其他场合,同样的词令只能招人耻笑。古人有一句名言: “最大的奉承,人总是留给自己的。”----只有对情人的奉承要算例外。因为甚至最骄傲的人,也甘愿在情人面前自轻自贱。所以古人说得好:“就是神在爱情中也难保持聪明。”情人的这种弱点不仅在外人眼中是明显的,就是在被追求者的眼中也会很明显----除非她(他)也在追求他(她)。所以,爱情的代价就是如此,不能得到回爱,就会得到一种深藏于心的轻蔑,这是一条永真的定律。 By how much the more, men ought to beware of this passion, which loseth not only other things, but itself! As for the other losses, the poet's relation doth well figure them: that he that preferred Helena, quitted the gifts of Juno and Pallas. For whosoever esteemeth too much of amorous affection, quitteth both riches and wisdom. 由此可见,人们应当十分警惕这种感情。因为它不但会使人丧失其他,而且可以使人丧失自己本身。甚至其他方面的损失,古诗人早告诉我们,那追求海伦的人,是放弃了财富和智慧的(5)。 This passion hath his floods, in very times of weakness; which are great prosperity, and great adversity; though this latter hath been less observed: both which times kindle love, and make it more fervent, and therefore show it to be the child of folly. They do best, who if they cannot but admit love, yet make it keep quarters; and sever it wholly from their serious affairs, and actions, of life; for if it check once with business, it troubleth men's fortunes, and maketh men, that they can no ways be true to their own ends. 由此可见,人们应当十分警惕这种感情。因为它不但会使人丧失其他,而且可以使人丧失自己本身。甚至其他方面的损失,古诗人早告诉我们,那追求海伦的人,是放弃了财富和智慧的(5)。 I know not how, but martial men are given to love: I think, it is but as they are given to wine; for perils commonly ask to be paid in pleasures. 我不懂是什么缘故,使许多军人更容易堕入情网,也许这正象他们嗜爱饮酒一样,是因为危险的生活更需要欢乐的补偿。 There is in man's nature, a secret inclination and motion, towards love of others, which if it be not spent upon some one or a few, doth naturally spread itself towards many, and maketh men become humane and charitable; as it is seen sometime in friars. 人心中可能普遍具有一种博爱倾向,若不集中于某个专一的对象身上,就必然施之于更广泛的大众,使他成为仁善的人,象有的僧侣那样

。 Nuptial love maketh mankind; friendly love perfecteth it; but wanton love corrupteth, and embaseth it. 夫妻的爱,使人类繁衍。朋友的爱,给人以帮助。但那荒淫纵欲的爱,却只会使人堕落毁灭啊! 附注: (1) 古希腊神话,传说地中海有魔女,歌喉动听,诱使过往船只陷入险境。(2) 原文为“Flries”,传说中的地狱之神。(3) 安东尼,恺撒部将。后因迷恋女色而战败被杀。克劳底亚,古罗马执政官,亦因好色而被杀。(4) 埃辟克拉斯(前342--前270年),古罗马哲学家。(5) 古希腊神话,传说天后赫拉,智慧之神密纳发和美神维纳斯,为争夺金苹果,请特洛伊王子评 判。三神各许一愿, 密纳发许以智慧,维纳斯许以美女海伦,天后许以财富。结果王子把金苹果给了维纳斯。

培根说婚姻是爱情篇二
《培根论婚姻》

成了家的人,可以说对命运之神付出了抵押品。因为家庭难免拖累事业,而无论这种事业的性质如何。所以是能为公众献身人,应当是不被家室所累的人。因为只有这种人,才能够把他的全部爱情和财产,都奉献给唯一的情人——公众。而那种有家室的人,恐怕宁愿把最好的东西留给自己的后代。

有的人在结婚后仍然愿意过独身生活。因为他们不喜欢家庭,把妻子儿女看作经济上的累赘。还有一些富人甚至以无子嗣为自豪。也许他们是担心,一旦有了子女就瓜分现有的财产吧。有一种人过独身生活是为了保持自由,以避免受约束于对家庭承担的义务和责任。但这种人,可能会认为腰带和鞋带,也难免是一种束缚呢!

实际上,独身者也许可以成为最好的朋友,最好的主人,最好的仆人,但很难成为最好的公民。因为他们随时可以迁逃,所以差不多一切流窜犯都是无家者。

作为献身宗教的 ,是有理由保持独身的。否则他们的慈悲就先布施于家人而不是供奉于上帝了。作为法官与 师,是否独身关系并不大。因为只要他们身边有一个坏的幕僚,其进谗言的能力就足以抵上五个妻子。作为军人,有家室则是好事,这正可以在战场上激发他 们的责任感和勇气。这一点可以从土耳其的事例中得到反证——那里的风俗不重视婚姻和家庭,结果他们士兵的斗志很差。

对家庭的责任心不仅是人类的一种约束,也是一种训练。那种独身的人,虽然在用起来似很慷慨,但实际上往往是心肠很硬的,因为他们不懂得对他人的爱。 一种好的风俗,能教化出情感坚贞的男子汉,例如像优里西斯(Ulysses)那样,他曾抵制美丽女神的诱惑,而保持了对妻子的忠贞。 一个独身的女人常常是骄横的。因为她需要显示,她的贞节似乎是自愿保持的。

如果一个女人为丈夫的聪明优秀而自豪,那么这就是使她忠贞不渝的最好保证。但如果一个女人发现她的丈夫是妒忌多疑的,那么她将绝不会认为他是聪明的。

在人生中,妻子是青年时代的情人,中年时代的伴 ,暮年时代的守护。所以在人的一生中,只要有合适的对象,任何时候 结婚都是有道理的。但也有一位古代哲人,对于人应当在何时结婚这个问题是这样说的:“年纪少时还不应当,年纪大时已不必要。”美满的婚姻是难得一遇的。常可见到许多不出色的丈夫却有一位美丽的妻子。这莫非是因为这种丈夫由于具有不多的优点而更值得被珍视吗?也许因为伴随这种丈夫,将可以考验一个妇人的忍耐精神吧?如果这种婚姻出自一个女人的自愿选择,甚至是不顾亲友的劝告而选择的,那么就让她自己去品尝这枚果实的滋味吧

《培根美文赏析-Of Marriage And Single Life 论婚姻)》

培根说婚姻是爱情篇三
《论爱情---培根》

Of Love

By Bacon

The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man1. For as t

o the stage, love is ever matter of comedies, and now and then of tragedies; but in life it doth much mischief; sometimes like a siren,2sometimes like a fury.3You may observe, that amongst all the great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient or recent) there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love: which shows that great spirits,and great business4, do keep out this weak passion. You must except, nevertheless, Marcus Antonius, the half partner of the empire of Rome, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man, and inordinate; but the latter was an austere and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely) that love can find entrance, not only into an open heart, but also into a heart well fortified5, if watch be not well kept. It is a poor saying of Epicurus, Satis magnum alter alteri theatrum sumus; as if man, made for the contemplation of heaven, and all noble objects, should do nothing but kneel be- fore a little idol, and make himself a subject, though not of the mouth (as beasts are), yet of the eye; which was given him for higher purposes6.

舞台上的爱情比生活中的爱情要美好得多1。因为在舞台上,爱情只是喜剧和悲剧的素材。而在人生中,爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时像那位诱惑人的魔女2,有时又像那位复仇的女神3。你可以看到,

一切真正伟大的人物4(无论是古人、今人,只要是其英名永铭于人类记忆中的),“没有一个是因爱情而发狂的人:因为伟大的事业抑制了这种软弱的感憎。只有罗马的安东尼和克劳底亚是例外。前者本性就好色荒淫,然而后者却是严肃多谋的人。所以爱情不仅会占领开旷坦阔的胸怀,有时也能闯入壁垒森严的心灵5--假如守御不严的话。 埃皮克拉斯曾说过一句笑话:“人生不过是一座大戏台。”似乎本应努力追求高尚事业的人类,却只应像玩偶奴隶般地逢场作戏似的。虽然爱情的奴隶并不同于那班只顾吃喝的禽兽,但毕竟也只是眼目色相的奴隶--而上帝赐人以眼睛本来是更高尚的用途的。6

It is a strange thing, to note the excess of this passion, and how it braves the nature, and value of things, by this; that the speaking in a perpetual hyperbole, is comely in nothing but in love7.Neither is it merely in the phrase; for whereas it hath been well said, that the arch-flatterer, with whom all the petty flatterers have intelligence, is a man`s self; certainly the lover is more. For there was never proud man thought so absurdly well of him self, as the lover doth of the person loved; and therefore it was well said, That it is impossible to love, and to be wise. Neither doth this weakness appear to others only, and not to the party loved; but to the loved most of all, except the love be reciproque. For it is a true rule, that love is ever rewarded, either with the reciproque, or with an inward and secret contempt.

过度的爱情追求,必然会降低人本身的价值。例如,只有在爱

情中,才永远需要那种浮夸诌媚的词令7。而在其他场合,同样的词令只能招人耻笑。古人有一句名言:“最大的奉承,人总是留给自己的”。--只有对情人的奉承要算例外。因为甚至最骄傲的人,也甘愿在情人面前自轻自贱。所以古人说得好:“就是神在爱情中也难保持聪明。”情人的这种弱点不仅在外人眼中是明显的,就是在被追求者的眼中也会很明显——除非她(他)也在追求他(她)。所以,爱情的代价就是如此,不能得到回爱,就会得到一种深藏于心的轻蔑,这是一条永真的定律。

总的来讲,该篇译文翻译的比较成功,译者将培根先生对于爱情的理解用汉语地道的展现在读者眼前。下面我就文中我认为翻译较好的部分做以分析评价。

1. The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man. 作者将此

句译为“舞台上的爱情比生活中的爱情要美好得多”,

is beholding to 为抽象短语,而译者译为“美好”,将抽象短语名词化,此翻译更符合中文的表达习惯,表达语义更为清楚。

2. 译者将siren译为诱惑人的魔女, 此译法是来源于古希腊神话,传

说地中海有魔女,歌喉动听,诱使过往船只陷入险境。作者译的更为具体,表达更为生动。

3. fury 作者译为复仇的女神,因为在古希腊神话中“Furies”是传

说中的地狱之神。此译法同上,有助于表达的生动清楚。

4. 作者将that great spirits,and great business译为伟大的人物,将这两

个表示品质情感的抽象概念译为具体的名词,符合中文的表达倾向。

5. 这一句将英文中以非人称代词“it”做主语译为以人称做主语。符

合汉语的特征,表达更贴切更自然。

6. 这句是一个长句,译者将句子顺序作以调整,处理成短句的形式。

使得表达层次清晰,语气流畅也符合句子表达 的顺序模式。

7. 这一句也是原文也是以物称和短语表达为主,译者在翻译的时候

注意到了英语和汉语表达的习惯,注意了物称和人称的转换,选择了恰当的表达方式,效果较好。

培根说婚姻是爱情篇四
《培根论爱情中英文对照》

在追求他(她)。所以,爱情的代价就是如此,不能得到回爱,就会得到一种深藏于心的轻蔑,这是一条永真的定律。

The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man. For as to the stage, love is ever matter of comedies, and now and then of tragedies; but in life it doth much mischief; sometimes like a siren, sometimes like a fury. You may observe, that amongst all the great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient or recent) there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love: which shows that great spirits, and great business, do keep out this weak passion. You must except, nevertheless,

Marcus Antonius, the half partner of the empire of Rome, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man, and inordinate; but the latter was an austere and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely) that love can find

entrance, not only into an open heart, but also into a heart well fortified, if watch be not well kept. It is a poor saying of Epicurus, Satis

magnum alter alteri theatrum sumus; as if man, made for the contemplation of heaven, and all noble objects, should do nothing but kneel be- fore a little idol, and make himself a subject, though not of the mouth (as beasts are), yet of the eye; which was given him for higher purposes.

It is a strange thing, to note the excess of this passion, and how it braves the nature, and value of things, by this; that the speaking in a perpetual hyperbole, is comely in nothing but in love. Neither is it merely in the phrase; for whereas it hath been well said, that the arch-flatterer, with whom all the petty

flatterers have intelligence, is a man`s self; certainly the lover is more. For there was never proud man thought so absurdly well of him self, as the lover doth of the person loved; and therefore it was well said, That it is impossible to love, and to be wise. Neither doth this

weakness appear to others only, and not to the party loved; but to the loved most of all, except the love be reciproque. For it is a true rule, that love is ever rewarded, either with

the reciproque, or with an inward and secret contempt.

培根说婚姻是爱情篇五
《论爱情培根》

论爱情培根

舞台上的爱情生活比生活中的爱情要美好得多。因为在舞台上,爱情中是喜剧和悲剧的素材,而在人生中,爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时象那位诱惑人的魔女,有时又象那位复仇的女神。

你可以看到,一切真正伟大的人物(无论是古人,今人,只要是其英名永铭于人类记忆中的),没有一个是因爱情而发狂的,而这些完成伟大事业中的人中只有罗马的安东尼和克劳底亚是例外,前者本性就好色荒淫,然而后者却是足智多谋的人,这说明爱情不仅会占领开旷坦阔的胸怀,有时也会闯入壁垒森严的心灵——假如你抵御不严的话。

埃辟克拉斯曾说过一句笨话:“人生不过是一座大戏台”。似乎本应努力追求高尚事业的人类,却只有象玩偶般地逢场作戏。虽然爱情的奴隶并不同于那般只顾吃喝的禽兽,但毕竟也只是眼目色相的奴隶,而上帝赐人以眼睛本来是更高尚的用途的。

过度地追求爱情,必然会贬低人本身的价值。例如,只有在爱情中,才总是需要那种浮夸陷媚的词令。而在其他场合,同样的词令只能招人耻笑。古人有一句名言;‘最大的奉承,人总是留给自己的’。只有对情人的奉承要算例外。因为甚至最骄傲的人,也甘愿在情人面前自轻自賤。所以古人说得对“就是神在爱情中也难得保持聪明”。情人的这些弱点不仅在外人眼中是明显的,就是在被追求者的眼中也会很明显——除非他她也是在追求他她。所以,爱情的代价就是如此,不能得到回爱,就会得到一种深藏于心的轻蔑,这是一条永真的定律。由此可见,人们应当十分警惕这种感情。因为它不但会使人丧失其他,而且可以使人丧失自己本身。甚至其他方面的损失。古诗人早告诉我们,那追求海伦的人,是放弃了财富和智慧。

当人心最软弱的时候,爱情最容易入侵,那就是当人得意春风,忘乎所以和处境窘困孤独凄零的时候,虽然后者未必然得到爱情。人们这样的时候最急于跳入爱情的火焰中,由此可见,爱情实在是“愚蠢”的儿子。

但有一此人,即使心中有爱,仍能约束它,使它不妨碍重大的事业。因为爱情一旦干扰情绪,就会阻碍人坚定地奔向既定的目标。

我不懂是什么缘故,使许多军人更容易堕入情网,也许正象他们嗜爱饮洒一样,是因为危险的生活更需要欢乐的补偿。

人心中可能普遍具有一种博爱倾向,若不能集中于某中于上专一的对象身上,就必然施之于更广泛的大众,使他们成为仁善的人,象有的僧侣那样。

夫妻的爱,使人类繁衍。朋友的爱给人以帮助,但那荒淫纵欲的爱,使人堕落毁灭啊!

培根说婚姻是爱情篇六
《译作赏析培根论婚姻》

Of Marriage and Single Life

Francis Bacon

He that hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortune; for they are impediments to great enterprises, either of virtue or mischief. Certainly the best works, and of greatest merit for the public, have proceeded from the unmarried or childless men; which both in affection and means, have married and endowed the public. Yet it were great reason that those that have children, should have greatest care of future times; unto which they know they must transmit their dearest pledges.

Some there are, who though they lead a single life, yet their thoughts do end with themselves, and account future times impertinences. Nay, there are some other, that account wife and children, but as bills of charges. Nay more, there are some foolish rich covetous men that take a pride, in having no children, because they may be thought so much the richer. For perhaps they have heard some talk, “Such an one is a great rich man”, and another except to it, “Yea, but he hath a great charge of children”; as if it were an abatement to his riches. But the most ordinary cause of a single life, is liberty, especially in certain self-pleasing and humorous minds, which are so sensible of every restraint, as they will go near to think their girdles and garters, to be bonds and shackles. Unmarried men are best friends, best masters, best servants; but not always best subjects; for they are light to run away; and almost all fugitives, are of that condition.

A single life doth well with churchmen; for charity will hardly water the ground, where it must first fill a pool. It is indifferent for judges and magistrates; for if they be facile and corrupt, you shall have a servant, five times worse than a wife. For soldiers, I find the generals commonly in their hortatives, put men in mind of their wives and children; and I think the despising of marriage amongst the Turks, maketh the vulgar soldier more base.

Certainly wife and children are a kind of discipline of humanity; and single men, though they may be many times more charitable, because their means are less exhaust, yet, on the other side, they are more cruel and hardhearted (good to make severe inquisitors), because their tenderness is not so oft called upon. Grave natures, led by custom, and therefore constant, are commonly loving husbands, as was said of Ulysses, vetulam suam praetulit immortalitati.

Chaste women are often proud and froward, as presuming upon the merit of their chastity. It is one of the best bonds, both of chastity and obedience, in the wife, if she think her husband wise; which she will never do, if she find him jealous. Wives are young men's mistresses; companions for middle age; and old men's nurses. So as a man may have a quarrel to marry, when he will.

But yet he was reputed one of the wise men, that made answer to the question, when a man should marry, - A young man not yet, an elder man not at all. It is often seen that bad husbands, have very good wives; whether it be, that it raiseth the price of their husband's kindness, when it comes; or that the wives take a pride in their patience. But this never fails, if the bad husbands were of their own choosing, against their friends consent; for then they will be sure to make good their own folly.

论结婚与独身(水天同译)

有妻与子的人已经向命运之神交了抵押品了;因为妻与子是大事底阻挠物,无论是大善举或大恶行。无疑地,最好,最有功于公众的事业是出自无妻或无子的人的;这些人在情感和金钱两方面都可说是娶了公众并给以奁资了。然而依理似乎有子嗣的人应当最关心将来,他们知道他们一定得把自己最贵重的保证交代给将来的。有些人虽然过的是独身生活,他们的思想却仅限于自身,把将来认为无关紧要。并且有些人把妻与子认为仅仅是几项开销。尤有甚者,有些愚而富的悭吝人竟以无子嗣自豪,以为如此则他们在别人眼中更显得富有了。也许他们听过这样的话:一人说,“某某人是个大富翁”,而另一人不同意地说,“是的,可是他有很大的儿女之累”,好象儿女是那人底财富底削减似的。然而独身生活底最普通的原因则是自由,尤其在某种自喜而且任性的人们方面为然,这些人对于各种的约束都很敏感,所以差不多连腰带袜带都觉得是锁链似的。独身的人是最好的朋友,最好的主人,最好的仆人,但是并非最好的臣民;因为他们很容易逃跑,差不多所有的逃人都是独身的。独身生活适于僧侣之流,因为慈善之举若先须注满一池,则难于灌溉地面也。独身于法官和知事则无甚关系,因为假如他们是易欺而贪污的,则一个仆人之恶将五倍于一位夫人之恶也。至于军人,窃见将帅激厉士卒时,多使他们忆及他们底妻子儿女;又窃以为土耳其人之不尊重婚姻使一般士兵更为卑贱也。妻子和儿女对于人类确是一种训练;而独身的人,虽然他们往往很慷慨好施,因为他们底钱财不易消耗,然而在另一方面他们较为残酷狠心(作审问官甚好),因为他们不常有用仁慈之处也。庄重的人,常受风俗引导,因而心志不移,所以多是情爱甚笃的丈夫;如古人谓攸立西斯:“他宁要他底老妻而不要长生”者是也。贞节的妇人往往骄傲不逊,一若她们是自恃贞节也者。假如一个妇人相信她底丈夫是聪慧的,那就是最好的使她保持贞操及柔顺的维系;然而假如这妇人发现丈夫妒忌心重,她就永不会以为他是聪慧的了。妻子是青年人底情人,中年人底伴侣,老年人底看护。所以一个人只要他愿意,任何时候都有娶妻底理由。

然而有一个人,人家问他,人应当在什么时候结婚?他答道:“年青的人还不应当,年老的人全不应当”。这位也被人称为智者之一。常见不良的丈夫多有很好的妻子;其原因也许是因为这种丈夫底好处在偶尔出现的时候更显得可贵,也许是因为做妻子的以自己底耐心自豪。但是这一点是永远不错的,就是这些不良的丈夫必须是做妻子的不顾亲友之可否而自己选择的,因为如此她们就一定非补救自己底失策不可也。

论婚姻 (何新译)

成了家的人,可以说对于命运之神付出了抵押品。因为家庭难免拖累于事业,使人的许多抱负难以实现。所以,最能为公从献身的人往往是那种不被家室所累的人。因为只有这种人,才能够把他的全部爱情与财产都奉献给唯一的情人——公众。而那种有家室的人,恐怕只愿把美好的祝愿保留给自己的后代。

有的人在结婚后仍然愿意继续过独身生活。因为他们不喜欢家庭,把妻子儿女看作经济上的累赘。还有一些富人甚至以无子嗣为自豪,也许他们是担心,一旦有了子女就会瓜分现有的财产吧。有一种人过独身生活是为了保持自由,以避免受约束于家庭承担的义务和责任。但这种人,可能会认为腰带和鞋带也难免是一种束缚束吧!实际上,独身者也许可以成为最好的朋友,最好的主人,最好的仆人,但很难成为最好的公民。因为他们随时可以迁逃,所以差不多一切流窜犯都是无家者。

作为献身宗教的僧侣,是有理由保持独身的,否则他们的悲慈就将先布施于家人而不是供奉于上帝了。作为法官与律师,是否独身关系并不大,因为只要他们身边有一个坏的幕僚,其进谗言的能力就足以抵上五个妻子。作为军人,有家室则是好事,家庭的荣誉可以激发他们的责任感和勇气。这一点可以从土耳其的事例中得到反证——那里的风俗不重视婚姻和家庭,结果他们士兵的斗志很差。

对家庭的责任心不仅是对人类的一种约束,也是一种训练。那种独身的人,虽然在用起钱来很挥霍,但实际上往往是心肠很硬的,因为他们不懂得怎样去爱他人。 一种好的风俗,能教化出情感坚贞严肃的男子汉,例如像尤利西斯(Ulysses)那样,他曾抵制美丽女神的诱惑,而保持了对妻子的忠贞。

一个独身的女人常常是骄横的,因为她需要显示,她的贞节似乎是自愿保持的。 如果一个女人为丈夫的聪明优秀而自豪,那么这是使她忠贞不渝的最好保证。但如果一个女人发现她的丈夫是忌妒多疑的,那么她将绝不会认为他是聪明的。

在人生中,妻子是青年时代的情人,中年时代的伴侣,暮年时代的守护。所以在人的一生中,只要有合适的对象选择,任何时候结婚都是有理由的。但也有一位古代哲人,对于人应当在何时结婚这个问题是这样说的:“年纪少时还不应当,年纪大时已不必要。”

美满的婚姻是难得一遇的。常可见到许多不出色的丈夫却有一位美丽的妻子。这莫非是因为这种丈夫由于具有不太多的优点,反而使他的优点更值得被珍视吗?也许因为伴随这种丈夫,可以考验一个妇人的忍耐精神吧?如果这种婚姻出自一个女人的自愿选择,甚至是不顾亲友的劝告而选择的,那么就让她自己去品尝这枚果实的滋味吧。

Version 3 (无名氏)

成了家的人,可以说对命运之神付出了抵押品。因为家庭难免拖累事业,而无论这种事业的性质如何。所以是能为公众献身人,应当是不被家室所累的人。因为只有这种人,才能够把他的全部爱情和财产,都奉献给唯一的情人——公众。而那种有家室的人,恐怕宁愿把最好的东西留给自己的后代。

有的人在结婚后仍然愿意过独身生活。因为他们不喜欢家庭,把妻子儿女看作经济上的累赘。还有一些富人甚至以无子嗣为自豪。也许他们是担心,一旦有了子女就瓜分现有的财产吧。有一种人过独身生活是为了保持自由,以避免受约束于对家庭承担的义务和责任。但这种人,可能会认为腰带和鞋带,也难免是一种束缚呢!

实际上,独身者也许可以成为最好的朋友,最好的主人,最好的仆人,但很难成为最好的公民。因为他们随时可以迁逃,所以差不多一切流窜犯都是无家者。

作为献身宗教的 ,是有理由保持独身的。否则他们的慈悲就先布施于家人而不是供奉于上帝了。作为法官与 师,是否独身关系并不大。因为只要他们身边有一个坏的幕僚,其进谗言的能力就足以抵上五个妻子。作为军人,有家室则是好事,这正可以在战场上激发他 们的责任感和勇气。这一点可以从土耳其的事例中得到反证——那里的风俗不重视婚姻和家庭,结果他们士兵的斗志很差。

对家庭的责任心不仅是人类的一种约束,也是一种训练。那种独身的人,虽然在用起来似很慷慨,但实际上往往是心肠很硬的,因为他们不懂得对他人的爱。 一种好的风俗,能教化出情感坚贞的男子汉,例如像优里西斯(Ulysses)那样,他曾抵制美丽女神的诱惑,而保持了对妻子的忠贞。 一个独身的女人常常是骄横的。因为她需要显示,她的贞节似乎是自愿保持的。

如果一个女人为丈夫的聪明优秀而自豪,那么这就是使她忠贞不渝的最好保证。但如果一个女人发现她的丈夫是妒忌多疑的,那么她将绝不会认为他是聪明的。

在人生中,妻子是青年时代的情人,中年时代的伴 ,暮年时代的守护。所以在人的一生中,只要有合适的对象,任何时候 结婚都是有道理的。但也有一位古代哲人,对于人应当在何时结婚这个问题是这样说的:“年纪少时还不应当,年纪大时已不必要。”美满的婚姻是难得一遇的。常可见到许多不出色的丈夫却有一位美丽的妻子。这莫非是因为这种丈夫由于具有不多的优点而更值得被珍视吗?也许因为伴随这种丈夫,将可以考验一个妇人的忍耐精神吧?如果这种婚姻出自一个女人的自愿选择,甚至是不顾亲友的劝告而选择的,那么就让她自己去品尝这枚果实的滋味吧

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